Re: [Paddlewise] First Aid/Splints/Trauma

From: Geo. Bergeron <heritage_at_europa.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 1998 08:32:27 -0700 (PDT)
At 09:08 AM 4/15/98 -0500, you wrote:
>
>Actually, a *deflated* paddle float wrapped around a limb and tied or
>taped might make a good short splint. Comments, anyone?
>
>Chuck Holst  

        The whole function of splints is to immobilize the injury --to
prevent the bones from moving and bruising surrounding tissue. In acute
fractures, the possibility of severing veins and areteries is a concern, but
this is more characteristic of battlefield fractures than boating accidents.
The typical fracture bruises a vast amount of surrounding tissue and results
in significant swelling. I suppose I should add here that bruising is in
essence internal bleeding of muscle tissue and fascia. 

        The criteria for a splint it that it immobilize the affected part,
that it be padded, and that it allow circulation to the injured area. One
standard approach to splinting a broken leg is to secure it to the adjoining
leg with an "Ace" bandage. An "Ace" bandage can be used to immobilize a
forearm or upper arm against the body. The wetsuit and existing clothing
provide excellent padding for these types of immobilizations. A wetsuit may
be the perfect "splint" for fractured ribs. Fractures to hands and feet are
often best managed by leaving shoes or gloves in place and supporting the
area with an additional "Ace" bandage. (I should add here that the basic
item in a battle-field medical bag is the "Ace" bandage, followed by gauze
pads.)

        Immobilization is the objective, and often when the victim/patient
is conscious, immobilization takes place naturally --it hurts to move the
fracture and the patient restricts movement to manage pain. The unconscious
patient immobilizes the part too, but here your concern is shock, not
fractures. Of course evacuating the patient may result in some movement of
the fracture which may cause pain and induce some shock. But this is more of
a concern for large fractures of the leg or arm. If medical evacuation calls
for waiting for an ambulance or medivac chopper, the best treatment of a
fracture may be simply to avoid moving the injured person. 

        I once was the fist-aid person for a swimmer who had fallen from a
tree over the water and bounced off the rocky clifs, fracturing his lower
leg. First-aid consisted of bringing the conscious victim to the steep rocks
of the shore and allowing the fracture to sit suspended in the fairly cold
water while the rest of him was kept warm with a borrowed jacket. The water
supported the fractured limb, and also functioned as a cold compress to
reduce swelling and further bruising. Evacuation required the Fire
Department, a body board, and ropes to bring him up the side of the cliff
--not resources typically available to swimmers on the beach. 

        The upshot of this digression is that fractures are best managed by
immobilization while awaiting evacuation by qualified, professional medical
personnel. There's really nothing fancy about getting the injured person to
hold still. Splints are readily available: paddles, cardboard, and inflated
dry bag, sticks/firewood, paddle float, wet-suit, shoes, knife, an emergency
flare. . . Take care not to restrict blood flow to the injued area. The
stadard check for circulation is to gently squeeze a finger or toe and
release. . . when it turns pink with blood, you have circulation. 

        Fractures and dislocations are painful, but generally not life
threatening. The real exigency for a first-aid kit is bleeding. For
bleeding, the "Ace" bandage, a 2" roll of adhesive tape, and your T-shirt,
long-john top, or sweatshirt/pants provide ample emergency bandages. The key
to stemming bleeding is pressure. And stopping bleeding is the first issue
in first-aid. (Number two is clearing the airway--which you can generally
check while you're stopping the bleeding.) 

        The Red Cross provides classes in basic first-aid and there are
numerous books on the subject. In the 30 years since I was an Army Medic,
I've been first on the scene of several accidents, car wrecks, and heart
attacks in the local shopping center. The "contribution" to the Red Cross
for "tuition" is well worth the cost of the class, and you get a
certification card. All paddlers should know basic first-aid. 


        

-------------------------------------------------------
 George Bergeron, Secretary
 OSWEGO HERITAGE COUNCIL  
 P.O. Box 1041, Lake Oswego, Oregon 97034
 Web Site: http://www.europa.com/~heritage/welcome.html
 Email: heritage_at_europa.com                                     

 




***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List
Submissions:     paddlewise_at_lists.intelenet.net
Subscriptions:   paddlewise-request_at_lists.intelenet.net
Website:         http://www.gasp-seakayak.net/paddlewise/
***************************************************************************
Received on Wed Apr 15 1998 - 08:33:04 PDT

This archive was generated by hypermail 2.4.0 : Thu Aug 21 2025 - 16:29:55 PDT