Re: [Paddlewise] Unfeathered Paddle Preference

From: <KayaKillen_at_aol.com>
Date: Fri, 2 Apr 1999 08:11:55 EST
In a message dated 4/2/99 12:07:02 AM Eastern Standard Time, 
Strosaker_at_aol.com writes:

<< I started kayaking with a feathered paddle some years ago.  The reason I 
used 
a feathered paddle then was because it seemed to be the norm for sea 
kayaking.  Most of the books I read emphasized it, so I blindly followed.  
Then I made a greenland paddle, which of course isn't feathered, and I began 
using it.  After using the greenland paddle for some time, I began 
alternating between using it and a standard paddle, depending on the type of 
kayak and conditions I was in. >>

I also use both a feathered 'Euro' blade and a Greenland paddle.  When 
paddling against fast tidal currents or when doing ACA or BCU classes I use 
the 'Euro' blade.  The reason for this is that in the currents I like all the 
initial power I can get (at the expense of energy) and because the ACA and 
BCU insist on training and assessment using it.  But for most other times I 
use the Greenland probably about 90-95% of the time.  I still think it's 
important for people to know how to use both.

Narrow bladed paddles for ocean application have been used for centuries 
under the severest of conditions.  Two great sea kayaking cultures, the 
Aleuts and the Greenlanders have developed remarkably similar paddles though 
separated by great distances.  If they are so good how did the wide blade 
'Euro' paddle used today by most paddlers come into use?  Simple.  It started 
in river kayaking which evolved from river canoeing.  Early paddlers were 
using open canoes, eventually decking some of them and then developing river 
kayaks.  With the reemergence of the seakayak, it was natural to carry the 
use of the wide blade, feathered paddle over to the sea since everyone was 
already utilizing it.  When new people came into the sport of sea kayaking 
and wanted instruction, who was there to train them but the 
river-turned-seakayakers.  What paddle do you suppose they used?  Did anyone 
think to ask "Who invented the ocean going kayak and paddle in the first 
place?"  Thus, the Euro paddle became the standard for those who followed 
into the sport.

This type of paddle is very appropriate for river paddling and also has been 
used in many major expeditions and crossings.  There is no doubt that it 
works but we just can't dismiss the virtues of the Greenland style paddle 
without giving it a fair shake. They are well suited for touring and long 
distance paddling, not to mention sculls, braces and rolls

Kayakers are strongly divided over the paddle issue and I don't want to fuel 
it anymore but it is important to note that almost all seakayakers who have 
switched over to a narrow blade have started out paddling with a wide bladed 
paddle, myself included.  The reverse is not true.  As John Heath, a long 
time student of traditional kayaks and techniques has said, "Quite simply, to 
attempt certain rolling and rescue techniques with a feathered, wide-bladed 
paddle is like trying to thread a needle while wearing boxing gloves-with one 
glove on backwards."

 
WHY IT WORKS!

For a given area and all other factors being equal, a flat shape with the 
highest coefficient of drag gives the best grip on the water.  When various 
flat surfaces of equal area are pulled through the water, a round shape gives 
the least drag and a long rectangular shape, such as a Greenland style, gives 
the highest drag or best 'bite' (which is what is desired).  A wide blade 
paddle falls somewhere in between these shapes.  When a paddle is pulled 
through the water, the water on the working blade moves outward to the edges 
of the paddle and curls around forming an eddy or vortex on the back side 
These are shed alternately and is the reason for the zigzag motion felt at 
certain speeds.  Only with a narrow paddle is this vortex shedding noticeable 
because the vortex is large in relation to the blade. 

The opposite is true for the non working blade.  In hydrodynamics, the 
rectangular shape has the highest coefficient of drag but aerodynamically it 
has one of the lowest.  This coupled with the lower Greenland stroke makes 
the effect of wind on the blade minimal.  With feathered paddles, as the 
working blade is pulling through the water, the other is edge on to the wind. 
 This may be a slight advantage for wide paddles when heading into the wind 
but what happens when paddling with a beam wind.  A sudden, powerful gust may 
catch the unprepared paddler and capsize them.  The working blade is edge on 
to the water and will offer no support to counteract the effect of the wind.

Where a wide bladed paddle is useful for quick, powerful strokes such as 
would be needed on the river or in racing, for some it can be very fatiguing 
for touring.  Similar to a mountain bike in low gear for going through dirt 
and sand versus a touring bike in high gear.  Initially, a narrow paddle will 
offer less power but after a kayak is at cruising speed it makes no 
difference. 

Another consideration is that a narrow paddle gives less muscle shock since 
it develops resistance more slowly.  Wooden paddles flex more, acting as 
shock absorbers in the beginning of the stroke and giving back the snap at 
the end. 
It has been said that the Greenlanders did not have the technology to make 
wide bladed paddles or feather them.  Nonsense.  The paddle could have been 
made as a frame and covered with skin or thin pieces of wood or they could 
have built up the width the same way they attached the bone or ivory tips and 
edging to the narrow bladed paddles.  As far as feathering goes, there is no 
secret to making a feathered Greenland paddle.  I have made them quite easily 
and there are a few feathered Greenland paddles in the museums so the 
validity of that statement disintegrates.  The paddle evolved as a narrow and 
unfeathered blade because, quite simply, it works.

Ray Killen
Katabasis L.L.C.
I'd rather be upside down in my kayak than sitting upright at my desk! 
http://members.aol.com/kayakillen/katabasis

ANorAK
For Sea Kayakers, By Sea Kayakers, About Sea Kayakers
http://members.aol.com/gokayak/anorak

***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List
Submissions:     paddlewise_at_lists.intelenet.net
Subscriptions:   paddlewise-request_at_lists.intelenet.net
Website:         http://www.gasp-seakayak.net/paddlewise/
***************************************************************************
Received on Fri Apr 02 1999 - 05:13:17 PST

This archive was generated by hypermail 2.4.0 : Thu Aug 21 2025 - 16:30:06 PDT