Re: [Paddlewise] Paddling efficency

From: Michael Edelman <mje_at_spamcop.net>
Date: Wed, 16 May 2001 22:27:30 -0400
David Carlson wrote:

> If the boats have the same drag and are going the same speed, then the power
> output from the paddles is the same.

Absolutely.

> If the stroke lengths of each paddler are
> the same, then obviously the paddle/paddling technique with the higher cadence
> is only half as efficient as the slower cadence.  Why?  Because force generated
> in the direction of boat motion must be the same for each paddler, and power is
> force times velocity, and the paddle with the higher cadence must moving with
> twice the velocity.

That's wrong. You're taking paddling speed as the absolute measure of power input-
but that's only part of the equation. The other half is effort. Without it, we have
no idea what the energy exerted by the paddlers is.

Say we have 2 kayaks moving through the water with a kinetic energy of 50 watts
measured on our kayak-o-meter. We have paddler A doing 50 strokes/minute and
paddler B doing 100. Is A twice as efficient as B?

Answer: We can't say. We don't know how much effort either paddler is putting out.

To complete the equation, we need to know that paddler A is working against a
resistance of (say) 5 lbs and B against a resistance of 3 lbs, or whatever it turns
out to be. Then we can compute the work done by each paddler, and compare it to the
energy of the kayak.


>  Thus, the power input to the faster paddle is more than
> that to the slower paddle.

Incorrect, for reasons above.

> If you're paddling boats with the same resistance the same speed, then the
> force on the paddles must be the same ( ignoring rest time between strokes).

This assumes that force input to a paddle equates with thrust, which has the
implicit assumption that paddle design is irrelevant, and that all paddles and
paddlers are exactly as efficient as each other. This is a very large assumption,
and not one I think can be justified.

> So the conclusion that the larger paddle requires significantly more more
> driving force is incorrect.

Except that was never claimed.

What I said was this:

> > If I'm using a Greenland paddle at 120 strokes and you're using a wider
> > paddle at 60 and we're keeping pace, and all other factors are equal,
> > then I'm probably more efficient.
>
In that posts, and the preceding ones, I stressed that I was talking about the
paddler, and not the paddle. I never claimed that skinny paddles are more efficient
than wider ones; they may well be less efficient, for all I know. This seems to
have escaped a number of posters who keep claiming I'm wrong when I say narrow
paddles are more efficient!

Quoting myself once more:

> Generally, with humans, as you increase power
> > output you get diminishing returns in terms of effort per energy output.
>
And that was my central point.

-- mike
 -------------------------
 Michael Edelman
 mje_at_spamcop.net
 http://www.foldingkayaks.org
 http://www.findascope.com


***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
Received on Wed May 16 2001 - 19:28:37 PDT

This archive was generated by hypermail 2.4.0 : Thu Aug 21 2025 - 16:30:42 PDT