RE:[Paddlewise] Greenland Paddle,Toksook feather angle, and sculling with wooden paddles

From: Matt Broze <mkayaks_at_oz.net>
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 2004 18:01:55 -0700
Ken Rasmussen wrote:

 >>>>Another way to reduce stress and increase cadence is to reduce the
blade
size.  This decreases the efficiency of propulsion, but reduces strain.<<<<<

Not nearly as effectively as reducing length but I think we've been around
the block with this debate before.

>>>>>The
most remarkable demonstration I've ever seen of the principle was by a
friend
of mine who made the ultimate low stress paddle.  It was amazingly short,
amazingly small (the blades were the size of bread slices), and had a bend
like a marathon canoe paddle.  I tried it, and it felt broken, like there
was
nothing there.
    Three of us were paddling up a small river, into a stiff headwind.
Naturally the fellow with the ridiculous paddle was last.  As time went on
he
drew even with us, then he passed us, then he went out of sight ahead of
us.<<<<<

Yes, lower gear works better into strong headwinds because the winds keep
the speed of the kayak in the water relatively low. Shifting to a lower gear
can usually easily be accomplished by putting your hands further out on the
paddle's shaft.

>>>>>Paddle lengths have been decreasing, but people are still buying them
too
long.  It goes with a very lethargic "slump back and paddle slow style", or
with a macho "pull really hard on the paddle" mentality.  Racers use around
225 cm and paddle really fast.  To me 225 can't be paddled very fast for
very
long--it too is a big gear, but it is fine for those who have developed the
strength to use it.  So why are recreational paddlers able to manage 230 and
240 centimeter paddles?  They aren't managing.  In a headwind they are
pathetic.  It is no wonder people are moving to Greenland Paddles.  You've
got
to find a way out of high gear!!<<<<<

I agree, (except I think most racers are using shorter than 225cm) back in
the late 1970's when I started sea kayaking from a WW kayaking background I
moved up from about a 204 WW paddle to a 218cm paddle. when I tried 245cm
(8') paddles that were mostly what was being sold to sea kayakers around
here I had exactly the same response, way too high a gear. The long paddle
forced me to go much slower because of the strain. Most customers were
skeptical in those days when I'd suggest they get a 220cm paddle for
paddling a single sea kayak but they have come around by now for the most
part and a few smaller paddlers are even going down to 215 and 210cm (and
can get away with it if the blade is a short one so doesn't hit the kayaks
foredeck too easily at the start of the stroke). The following is from the
"Paddling" manual on our website:
Overall length is the major determiner of a paddle's "gear ratio." We prefer
short blades so we can paddle in a lower gear (shorter paddle) and still
have enough shaft length between the blades to clear the kayak's deck and
completely bury the blade during the stroke. The longer shaft between the
blades provides more room to move our hands around to either widen their
grip spacing (which lowers "gears" even more for accelerating or stiff head
winds) or to extend the paddle to one side as desired (for greater turning
leverage--especially in strong winds). The shorter overall length also
lowers the swing weight and shortens the lever arm a strong wind can act
upon.

>>>>>Regarding feather, I don't think you can paddle 90 degree feather
without
cocking the wrist.<<<<<<<

Sure you can, I did it for years before switching to 75 degrees. You just
have to drop the unnecessary "control hand" rules and control the paddle
with whichever hand is near the water.

>>>>>That is the reason why 75, 60, and 45 degree paddles came
into existence.  For me, 57 to 60 degrees of feather results in exactly the
correct attitude of the non-control hand blade when I merely raise my
control
hand.  On the control hand side I'm holding the paddle so that it is at the
correct attitude as it enters the water with a straight wrist.  I use very
short paddles with a very high angle stroke.  A different length of paddle
and
a different style of stroke might affect the choice of feather
angle.<<<<<<<<

 This is what I wrote in the paddling manual:
 (Warning: avoid intermediate feather angles such as 45 degrees, while
seductively nice to paddle with when it is calm they become unmanageable
tyrants paddling into a strong wind. The blade in the air wants to dive down
and the other lift up as you swing it forward. This problem goes away by
about 70 degrees of feather).
   Paddlers who use unfeathered paddles should consider paddles with smaller
than average paddle blades for less resistance in head winds. For more
details read Matt's article detailing his paddle experiments in the Spring
1992 issue of Sea Kayaker Magazine (p.39).

  >>>>>>>For me,
the only way to paddle with a straight wrist is to use a feathered paddle
with
57 to 60 degrees of feather.  Greater and lesser feather angles require
accommodation with the wrists.<<<<<<

No they don't. Not if you use "Low Hand Control" rather than right or left
control. The following is from the "Paddling" manual on our website:
All of the strokes and braces are the most powerful when you are pulling one
arm back as though your forearm is a rope tied to the paddle by your fingers
and your pushing hand pushes directly in line with your forearm and wrist.
The paddle shaft, your wrist and your elbow should all be in a straight line
with your elbow leading (when pulling) or pushing directly behind your hand
much like making a straight punch. Any bend or angle at the wrist more
commonly seen with the pushing arm) will weaken a strokes power and
effectiveness. Think of it as giving your strokes and braces an added punch.
Worse, bending your wrist either back or side to side can lead to repetitive
stress injuries. To minimize the stress on your wrists do not bend the wrist
back to "control" a feathered paddle (as is almost universally taught) and
also hold the paddle with as loose a grip as you can. With any feather angle
your wrists should also not bend side to side to follow the changing shaft
angle throughout the stroke. In other words, the shaft should pivot in your
hand and not bend your wrist as it rotates. This is important whether you
paddle feathered or unfeathered. With any feather angle control the blade
with the hand nearest the water and relax the upper hand so the paddle can
rotate in the hand that is pushing. This way you dont bend your wrist when
paddling feathered and you do not have to lift your elbow out like a boxers
hook if you paddle unfeathered (to take out the 45 degree rotation you put
on the blade by lifting the upper hand from your elbow). With any feather it
is more efficient to push with your elbow starting at your side and the key
to doing this is LOW HAND control. Tip: if you hold the paddle loosely
between strokes the rotating moment you put on it while lifting can be used
to spin it a little further into position without needing to bend your wrist
at all. A good paddle will also make this adjustment to the angle if
necessary as the blade enters the water. If you have to physically
immobilize your wrists with braces or tape until you learn to paddle without
bending them, do it.. They will thank you for it later.

Matt Broze
www.marinerkayaks.com
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Received on Sat Sep 04 2004 - 17:58:30 PDT

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