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From: Gordin Warner <gwarner2_at_shaw.ca>
subject: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Tue, 26 Sep 2006 11:22:44 -0700
I'm starting a little research project.  Ok maybe not so little.  I'd 
like to hear first person accounts from anyone who has been injured 
by the grab handle loop on the bow or stern of a kayak.

Those who have had a finger broken, dislocated, or injured in anyway 
by these loops, if you could email me the details it would be helpful.

Try to include specific information such as:

1.	day and date of injury
2.	make of boat
3. 	sea state
4.	how the injury happened, carrying, grabbing for the boat in the water etc.
5.	nature of the injury, how long it to recover, etc.
6.	where the accident happened, Alaska, BC, Asia, where ever please 
go from a general location 	to a specific location such as (British 
Columbia, Vancouver Island surfing at Tofino)

If this turns out to be significant I planning to write the major 
manufactures to change this practice but before I do so I would like 
to get a better, pardon the pun, handle on this issue.

I will of course share the results of my research here and on other 
kayaking forms.

Email me back channel if you have any information you would like to 
share or if you know of someone who has been injured would pass this 
request on.

Thank you for you time
Gordin Warner
Victoria BC
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From: Darryl <Darryl.Johnson_at_sympatico.ca>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Tue, 26 Sep 2006 17:54:16 -0400
> I'm starting a little research project.  Ok maybe not so little.  I'd 
> like to hear first person accounts from anyone who has been injured 
> by the grab handle loop on the bow or stern of a kayak.
> 

I am intrigued by this.

In the last four plus years of kayaking, I have yet to hear of anyone 
getting injured this way, let alone know of anyone personally. (My 
other kayaking was so long ago that I have forgotten almost 
everything: and I don't think there were grab handles on kayaks back 
then anyway.)

Yet the assumption must be that there *are* injuries of this sort for 
Gordon to start a research project on it.

I would be interested in seeing a copy of any replies sent to the 
list as well as to Gordon. (It's the stuff you don't know about that 
ends up biting you in the ass.)

-- 
  Darryl
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From: Derek <glamourpets_at_yahoo.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Tue, 26 Sep 2006 17:04:12 -0700 (PDT)
> I am intrigued by this.

I must say that I am also intrigued.  Its not a form
of injury that I even considered.  Do toe injuries
from breaking grab handles count?  Or perhaps from
dropping the boat as the result of poor grip on the
grab handle?  I've never witnessed these, but my guess
is that they are at least as likely as a finger
injury.  :P

One thing that came to mind after reading about this
study was the was the way in which Impex outfits their
current boats.  They have the typical grab handles
found on most boats.  They also have a much larger
fabric handle loop that they mount on the deck.  This
additional handle was a nice touch.  My guess is that
it may be safer then the standard grab loop.

Derek

> 
> In the last four plus years of kayaking, I have yet
> to hear of anyone 
> getting injured this way, let alone know of anyone
> personally. (My 
> other kayaking was so long ago that I have forgotten
> almost 
> everything: and I don't think there were grab
> handles on kayaks back 
> then anyway.)
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From: Bradford R. Crain <crainb_at_pdx.edu>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Tue, 26 Sep 2006 18:55:43 -0700
Quoting Darryl <Darryl.Johnson_at_sympatico.ca>:

> > I'm starting a little research project.  Ok maybe not so little.  I'd
> > like to hear first person accounts from anyone who has been injured
> > by the grab handle loop on the bow or stern of a kayak.
> >
>
> I am intrigued by this.
>
> In the last four plus years of kayaking, I have yet to hear of anyone
> getting injured this way, let alone know of anyone personally. (My
> other kayaking was so long ago that I have forgotten almost
> everything: and I don't think there were grab handles on kayaks back
> then anyway.)
>
> Yet the assumption must be that there *are* injuries of this sort for
> Gordon to start a research project on it.
>
> I would be interested in seeing a copy of any replies sent to the
> list as well as to Gordon. (It's the stuff you don't know about that
> ends up biting you in the ass.)
>
> --
>   Darryl

  This summer I managed to pull the grab handle out of the bow of my
kayak. I was dragging the fully loaded boat up onto a beach and stressed
the aluminum rivets beyond capacity. I should have known better but was
being impatient. No injury resulted except to my ego.

Bradford R. Crain
Department of Mathematics and Statistics
Portland State University
724 SW Harrison St.
334 Neuberger Hall
Portland, Or 97201

Phone:  503-725-3127
E-mail: crainb_at_pdx.edu
Fax:    503-725-3661
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From: Michael Daly <mikedaly_at_magma.ca>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2006 00:47:52 -0400
Bradford R. Crain wrote:

>   This summer I managed to pull the grab handle out of the bow of my
> kayak. I was dragging the fully loaded boat up onto a beach and stressed
> the aluminum rivets beyond capacity. I should have known better but was
> being impatient. No injury resulted except to my ego.

This is something that bugs me.  I often hear paddlers say that you shouldn't 
lift a kayak by its toggles.  Heck, as far as I'm concerned, if the toggle can't 
hold the max design weight of the kayak comfortably, it isn't designed right. 
Why put on a "handle" if you aren't supposed to use it?

On my kayak (and many others) the Brit-style end toggle passes through the hull 
where the end-pour is.  That's solid resin covered with glass.  The limit of the 
strength is the rope the toggle is tied with.  That's easy enough to make 
strong.  Flimsy kayaks without end pours and screwed or riveted handle are just 
not adequate.

I covered my toggles with softer plastic to make it stickier than the plain ABS. 
  I've dropped another kayak when my wet hands slipped on the same kind of 
toggle.  However, just sanding the toggle rough will do it.

Mike
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From: Steve_at_ECVH <Steve_at_exclusivelycats.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2006 11:19:22 -0400
Michael,

My take was that you didn't want to be in the habit of using the toggles 
to carry, SO that for that 1 x per year event, when you NEEDED the 
toggles in surf, you could depend on them not being worn thin.

FWIW,

Steve Bailey
Michigan
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From: Michael Daly <mikedaly_at_magma.ca>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2006 14:50:43 -0400
Steve_at_ECVH wrote:

> My take was that you didn't want to be in the habit of using the toggles 
> to carry, SO that for that 1 x per year event, when you NEEDED the 
> toggles in surf, you could depend on them not being worn thin.


Fair enough, but I prefer regular inspection of the toggles - I check them every 
time I go out, since they are used to tie down the kayak on the roof.  I change 
the rope with some regularity - current is the third set in five years.

Mike
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From: Craig Jungers <crjungers_at_gmail.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Thu, 28 Sep 2006 18:16:17 -0400
[Please remove all old content that is not pertinent to your reply
including old headers and footers.  It's list policy.... 
this post was modified to meet policy]

I've never had to swim a sea kayak through the surf but I never thought that
the toggles on my Nimbus would be that useful for it anyway. For one thing
the rear toggle is about 12 inches forward from the stern of the boat which
has a rudder on it that I suspect would be good to stay away from in surf.

What I planned to use if I had to swim through surf with my boat would be a
combination of the sidelines and the bow towlline. Then let it go in ahead
of me but sternfirst on a ten foot lead (the towline) from the bow. The
sidelines would get me to the bow (I seem to surface next to the boat when I
swim out anyway) and let me hold on to the boat while I get the towline
unclipped and ready (I just unclip one end and it's ready to go).

But I admit to using the toggles to carry the kayak (unloaded) most of the
time.

Craig Jungers
Royal City, WA

On 9/27/06, Michael Daly <mikedaly_at_magma.ca> wrote:
> Steve_at_ECVH wrote:
> > My take was that you didn't want to be in the habit of using the toggles
> > to carry, SO that for that 1 x per year event, when you NEEDED the
> > toggles in surf, you could depend on them not being worn thin.
>
> Fair enough, but I prefer regular inspection of the toggles - I check them
> every time I go out, since they are used to tie down the kayak on the roof.  I
> change the rope with some regularity - current is the third set in five years.
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From: Steve_at_ECVH <Steve_at_exclusivelycats.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2006 11:14:38 -0400
I am a flat water Michigan resident. I go to my folks place on the 
Florida Gulf several time a year to play.

Having bailed in surf in the gulf coast and walked the boat in...I can 
see finger/hand entrapment/injury easily occurring when the grabbed boat 
is window-shadded, and you aren't!

I paddle (or walk) and Nordkapp with the grab loop off the extreme ends 
like the brits like.
> juries of this sort for 
> Gordon to start a research project on it.
>
> I would be interested in seeing a copy of any replies sent to the 
> list as well as to Gordon. (It's the stuff you don't know about that 
> ends up biting you in the ass.)
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From: John Kirk-Anderson <jka_at_netaccess.co.nz>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Bow Toggles
Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2006 21:46:19 +1200
Hi Gordon,

I don't have personal experience of bow toggle-injury, but I am sending an
incident report that I wrote a few years ago which includes details of an
injury. I saw the results a few days later, but in the scheme of things the
paddler was lucky to be alive so the pain from missing skin was a reminder
that he was still breathing!

Notes on locations:

Pines Beach and the Waimakariri River are located north of Christchurch, a
city on the east coast of the South Island, New Zealand. Taylor's Mistake is
a popular surfing beach near Christchurch.

Good luck with the research.

JKA
-- 
John Kirk-Anderson
Banks Peninsula
NEW ZEALAND


--------------------------------

Sea kayaker lucky to survive.

A sea kayaker with limited experience is planning to join a kayaking
organisation, following his rescue after he capsized and was blown offshore.

The paddler, a 44-year-old male, had owned his QK Penguin for about four
months, and had no previous experience in kayaking. In that time he had
paddled on lagoons, and on the lower stretches of the Waimakariri River, in
Canterbury. He paddled alone and had picked up tips from kayakers he met
while out in his boat. The weekend before this incident he had paddled in
the surf at Taylor's Mistake.

Shortly before 3pm on Sunday, September 8 2003, he drove to Pines Beach,
about 12 kilometres north of Christchurch, and walked down to the water's
edge to check conditions. A surf of about 1/2 metre was breaking, and a
light Northwest wind was blowing offshore and down the beach.

Wearing a buoyancy vest, a cotton top, and Lycra shorts, he launched into
the surf which was similar in size to that which he had experienced at
Taylor's Mistake the weekend before. He had no difficulties in breaking out
through the waves, and once beyond the breaker line he turned to catch a
ride in. He noticed at this point that the wind was stronger, as a result of
having moved beyond the sheltering trees that give the beach its name.

A larger swell appeared astern, and, not wanting to surf it in, the paddler
turned into it. During this turn a gust of wind hit him and he capsized. He
was not concerned, as he had practised re-entering his kayak by climbing
onto the rear deck and sliding his legs in. He was confident in his ability
to get back in, but had only tried it in calmer conditions.

He climbed up and lay face down as he slipped his legs into the cockpit, but
as he turned over he was capsized again. He attempted this manoeuvre eight
or nine times, all with the same result.

As he floated in the water with his kayak he was aware of a car following
his progress down the beach. He was close enough to the beach to identify
the colour of car, but not recognise the make, or see the driver. He waved
his paddle but got no response. As he drifted south he was concerned that as
he approached the mouth of the Waimakariri River, about 1.4 kilometres south
of his start point, he would be subjected to stronger winds from the open
country.

The paddler considered leaving his kayak and swimming to shore, but reasoned
that the orange kayak would be more visible than a lone swimmer. He
attempted to tow the kayak using the bow line. He was confident of outside
help, aware from the actions of the car that his predicament was being
watched. He did not feel cold, but was aware that his bare feet were
cooling.

Soon he saw a rescue vessel from the Waimak-Ashley Surf Rescue group
approaching, and felt relief. It came straight towards him, and he remembers
seeing the stern of the boat as it swung around him. Being asked his name
was the last memory he has, and he knew nothing of his helicopter flight
until he awoke in the Emergency Department of Christchurch Hospital.

He remained in the hospital overnight for observation, and apart from
hypothermia he lost some skin from between the fingers of one hand, caused
by holding onto the bow toggle. This wound, which he didn't notice at the
time, involved the web between the index and middle finger's and one week
later was still very raw. He has had no other after effects, and is
philosophical about the incident. He "didn't feel he was going to die", and
has felt more at risk while cycling.

Observations by author.

This paddler is lucky to be alive. Had bystanders not raised the alarm and
emergency services responded quickly, he would likely have been carried well
off-shore by the wind and the outflow from the Waimakariri River. He had
spent over half an hour in the water by time of rescue, while not dressed
for immersion. He felt he could have stayed another half hour in the water.
His rescuers described him as incoherent and unable to assist himself.

A NIWA scientist confirmed that surface water temperature in the area is
currently 10-11 degrees Centigrade. Immersion time graphs show a lightly
clad swimmer in such cold water has a survival expectancy of one to two
hours. 

Despite his limited experience and skill this kayaker chose to paddle alone
in surf. He is physically fit, and trains regularly. He was confident that
he could re-enter his boat, but his skills were not sufficient, once the
conditions become rougher. The off-shore wind removed his chance of
returning to the beach.

With his options of re-entering his kayak and returning to the shore now
gone, he was reliant on outside assistance for his survival. He was lucky
that bystanders saw his plight and took action. He had no means of
attracting attention had these people not been there.

Recommendations by author.

The weather forecast for this period was for north-westerly winds, 45 kph in
exposed areas. The kayaker checked the conditions at the beach, but did not
have the experience to appreciate the sheltering effect of the tall pines.

Paddling alone is a rewarding experience, but without developing strong
skills and judgement, any problem can rapidly become overwhelming. Having
another paddler alongside is no guarantee of safety, but with proper
training mutual assistance can be life saving. Over-estimation of skill is a
very common situation.

Cold water kills! Dressing for immersion is a vital part of sea kayaking. A
wet suit or dry suit will improve comfort and extend survival times
significantly. Cotton clothing should never be worn while kayaking, due to
its cooling effect when wet.

Swimming is a sure way to speed heat loss as the physical activity brings
warm blood to the body shell, where it is cooled. If alone the HELP
position, or in a group the HUDDLE, goes some way to reducing heat loss.
Remove as much of the body from the water as possible as, despite the
wind-chill effect, the heat loss will be lessened. Water conducts heat 25
times faster than air of the same temperature. This paddler realised
afterwards that hauling himself onto the hull of his boat would have helped.
Abandoning the kayak to swim to shore is not recommended, as swimming
ability is much reduced in cold water.

The last chance this kayaker had was outside rescue, but he had no means of
raising the alarm. He was very fortunate that others did this for him.
Carrying signalling equipment is no substitute for skill and judgement, but
it can be a last hope. A whole battery of signals is available, from
pyrotechnics to electronics, and it is important that paddlers consider
their options, as luck is not to be relied upon.

This kayaker has had a learning experience, and plans to upskill. He will
paddle with others and has not been put off sea kayaking by this experience.


John Kirk-Anderson

NZOIA Sea Kayak Instructor, Level 2
BCU Coach, Level 4 (Sea)

Instruction Officer
KASK
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From: PeterO <rebyl_kayak_at_iprimus.com.au>
subject: RE: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2006 21:37:07 +1000
Gordin wrote
>I'd like to hear first person accounts from anyone
>who has been injured by the grab handle loop on the
>bow or stern of a kayak.

G'Day Gordin,

Wasn't sure if you were including toggles or just loops in the research? Our
club specifies that boats on club trips must be fitted with toggles not
loops.  The reason was the possibility of injury due to the boat twisting in
the surf while the kayaker had their hand or fingers in the loop. Whether
the rule was introduced because of first hand experience or conventional
wisdom I don't know, but will ask.

All the best, PeterO
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From: Doug Lloyd <douglloyd_at_shaw.ca>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Tue, 26 Sep 2006 23:11:56 -0700
Get a grip, Gordon. :-)

DL

> I'm starting a little research project.  Ok maybe not so little.  I'd 
> like to hear first person accounts from anyone who has been injured 
> by the grab handle loop on the bow or stern of a kayak.
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From: Bradford_Crain <crainb_at_pdx.edu>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2006 13:02:20 -0700
> Steve_at_ECVH wrote:
>
>> My take was that you didn't want to be in the habit of using the toggles 
>> to carry, SO that for that 1 x per year event, when you NEEDED the 
>> toggles in surf, you could depend on them not being worn thin.
>
>
> Fair enough, but I prefer regular inspection of the toggles - I check them 
> every time I go out, since they are used to tie down the kayak on the 
> roof.  I change the rope with some regularity - current is the third set 
> in five years.
>
> Mike
>

My kayak originally came with thin nylon straps and plastic
handles forward and aft. The straps rapidly wore out. I replaced
them with loops of climbing rope, and stainless steel carabiners
linking the boat to the handles. The rope has lasted over 12
years. Unfortunately, it is still possible to pop the rivets off
the boat.

Brad Crain 
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From: Joan Volin <jvolin_at_optonline.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Sun, 01 Oct 2006 10:57:19 -0400
I don't have an anecdote for you, but I wanted to say that I and many of 
my friends have adapted our grab handles, but cutting them, so that they 
are no longer loops,but just a length of line with a handle on the end.  
We did this with the express intent of avoiding such injuries, and no 
one that I know has sustained one.

Joan
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From: Steve Cramer <cramersec_at_charter.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Mon, 02 Oct 2006 08:42:47 -0400
There are some boats where the two lines going to the toggle are spaced 
about 3/4" apart. This lends itself to a carry scenario of 
finger|line|finger|line|finger. It's obvious which finger is 
particularly at risk. Unfortunately, it's a very comfortable carry that way.

Steve

Joan Volin wrote:
> I don't have an anecdote for you, but I wanted to say that I and many of 
> my friends have adapted our grab handles, but cutting them, so that they 
> are no longer loops,but just a length of line with a handle on the end.  
> We did this with the express intent of avoiding such injuries, and no 
> one that I know has sustained one.
> 
> Joan


-- 
Steve Cramer
Athens, GA
http://www.savvypaddler.com
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From: Mike Jackson <mhj_at_smus.ca>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] research item
Date: Wed, 04 Oct 2006 20:34:37 -0700
Gordin, I broke my left middle finger by holding on to the grab loop 
of a surf kayak in good sized surf January  10 years ago. Jordan 
River, Vancouver Island, BC. I did exactly what my guide had told me 
not to do - try to hold onto the kayak! The last phalangeal bone was 
broken into 3 pieces which had to be pinned together.
My then grade 1 daughter took me for show and tell since I had this 
thing like a paper clip sticking out!

At 11:22 AM 26/09/2006, Gordin Warner wrote:
>I'm starting a little research project.  Ok maybe not so 
>little.  I'd like to hear first person accounts from anyone who has 
>been injured by the grab handle loop on the bow or stern of a kayak.
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