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From: <dianem_at_sd61.bc.ca>
subject: [Paddlewise] Group dynamics (long)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 1998 21:13:13 -0700
Nootka Sound Paddle Trip July 7  - 15/97

We started with six interested, and wound up with Brian, Trish and me.
Brian has been paddling for about 4 years and has done some solo trips.  He
is a high volume person, paddling a Solstice High Volume. Trish just
started paddling this summer and had been on one three day guided tour. She
is tiny but very strong, paddling a rental Solstice.   I have been paddling
6 years,  in my Arluk 1.8 for the past 4 years.

We borded the Uchuck II in Gold River, went to Tahsis, and back to Bligh
Island where we were dropped off.   We headed to Vernacci Island, in the
Spanish Pilot Group.  There aren't many places to pull out in the area as
typically the forest grows right down to the tide mark which is vertical on
a rocky cliff shore.   We were so pleased with Vernacci that we stayed
there and made day trips from  it.

I thought at first we were very isolated, and spent Wednesday poking around
our watery "front yard", just paddling around what I could see, mostly
because the minute I turned a point and lost sight of camp, one round green
mounded island looked exactly like the next one and I felt lost quickly.
This was a big reminder that there is no excuse to be so useless with a
compass and navigation as I am. I have always  relied on someone else to
take care of that and that is unsafe as well as personally limiting.

However, on Thursday, I decided to go further and watch and note carefully
where I was at all times. I returned to Vernacci, by this time realizing
that there was a large fishing estblishment just behind Vernacci at Nootka,
several float houses on various islands, and several cabins on shore as
well. Many small sport fishing boats were either going out to fish off
Yuquot, or returning to camps or Gold River.

On Friday, we set out for Ewin Inlet.  The wind increased as we paddled
north up the inlet, and small following seas were building.  By the time we
reached the end of the inlet, we were glad to have a sheltered rest for
from the wind and waves. We reluctantly got back in our boatsafter a break
in a sheltered lagoon  for what I knew was going to be a hard  slog through
waves and slop and a by now strong headwind.  Brian is big and this kind of
thing doesn't bother him.  He just keeps going, seemingly effortlessly,
staying close to shore.  He says it's easier paddling in there.  I always
seem to wind up farther out  right in the middle of whatever's happening.
Trish and I are small. I feel good in my beautiful Arluk.  I felt that
Trish's lovely boat was a little big for her as she is even smaller than I
am. She was struggling against the wind and water but  eventually got sick
and tired of struggling and  "let's get this over with" kicked in for her.
Brian went ahead, and I stayed behind her.  We slogged it out  past  the
point and into the lee of Spouter Island from which point the return to
Vernacci  was enjoyable.

Saturday morning we set out about 9:00 for Friendly Cove and arrived there
about 45 minutes later after an uneventful and pleasant paddle over
absolutely calm water, the ocean swell very gentle beneath our boats.  We
decided to go around the point and see if any big surf was happening.
Being such a calm morning, there was very little surf, just small breaking
waves on the shingle beach. We continued  on and paddled to the large
lagoon midway between Yuquot and Maquinna Point.  After an  exploration and
rest break, we headed back to Yuquot.  Just a few meters farther offshore
were  at least 50 small sport fishing boats trolling.  These were the
people who were on a mission from the camps or inlets to Yuquot and back
each day.

After an exploration stop of a couple of hours back  around the point at
Friendly  Cove,  we pushed off again, to explore the shoreline up to Nootka
at which point we planned to cross over to Vernacci, but at about 3:30
Brian mentioned that as we knew, he had been feeling ill for a couple of
days, and it was now really catching up to him.   He decided to paddle
directly for the channel between Narvaez and Clotchman Islands, wanting by
now to get back to camp as quickly as possible to rest, and asked if we
wanted to come along.   Trish and I decided to carry on to the  fishing
camp at Nootka, and cross toVernacci from there, as we had originally
planned.  Brian left us, and Trish and I paddled along the Saavedra Islands
and into  Boca del Inferno Bay and Nootka, which I discovered is a very
prosperous looking fishing camp. Drifting around in the small bay,  the
lagoon beyond the actual "boca del inferno" looked intriguing, but I did
not want to risk the very fast tidal flow I knew would be rushing through
the extremely narrow passage through the cliffs.  Slack water would be at 6
pm and I did not want to stick around that long. I was tired by this time
as well and wanted to begin the passage across to Vernacci.  However.  My
intrepid (and naive) companion decided that she was going go through and
there was no dissuading her.    I told her I would wait for her
reappearance, and watched as she was sucked through the passage.

I spent about an hour poking around  Nootka in my boat, and just as I
paddled out from behind a float building, I saw Trish paddling out past the
fishing camp toward the mouth of the bay. I got her attention. She said she
had been unable to get out of the lagoon (surprise) but finally struggled
through 30 minutes or so before slack, followed by the canoe. She did not
see me right away and assumed I had left witout her. Her arms were jello,
she said.  I said, boca del inferno means something in Spanish.   Right!
The mouth of hell!  I had heard of people trying  to blast through  surge
channels and broaching and getting wedged upside down and  I didn't want to
experience it.  Plus, one of the books on the area says, *do not* attempt
to go in or out except at slack water.  I had shared this with her before
she went in but she didn't take it seriously.

We paddled out of the small bay and  began the crossing to Vernacci.  I saw
immediately to my great dismay that instead of the typical wind drop in
early evening which results in usually calm pleasant evening paddling
conditions, the wind had continued to pick up and was crossing the seas
which were building behind us, resulting in big slop.  I knew we had a
least 40 minutes of ugly paddling to get back to Vernacci. Neither one of
us liked this at the outset but we pushed out and got into it.   After
about 15 minutes, I realized that I was afraid. Largish breaking following
seas and lots of wind and slop is my least favorite of paddling conditions.
My fear was multiplied because I felt responsible for Trish, who was
understandably  more frightened than I was.  I saw Vernacci slipping by on
our right  as we struggled to keep from broaching, and yelled at Trish to
turn.  She could not bring herself to do it, and I understood this
completely, having been similarly frightened on other occasions. We decided
the only course of action was to just keep paddling  evenly and strongly
till we reached a point of land which was on our course, which was now
determined by the wind and sea. This turned out to be the larger northern
Villaverde Island.  We  pulled the boats partially out of the water on a
very small beach just inside the south point where there was some shelter.
We looked at each other and shook as we sat on a log.  It had taken us
about 55 minutes of constant even hard strong paddling through pretty
intense fear.

After calming down we got back in our boats and I took us over to the lee
of a smaller island and around the northerly point. We poked our bows out
into Fidalgo Passage which was still ugly.  I  hauled out on the rocks in a
tiny cove, tied my boat to a tree and climbed out on a point.  By this time
I was not exactly sure where we were as all the islands were really looking
the same by now, even with the chart, although between us we had located
ourselves correctly,it turned out.

Although Trish wanted to try to paddle on, I refused to go on and
determined to wrap myself in my tarp which was in the bow of my boat,  in
order to  stay overnight in the woods on the shore. I would paddle on in
the morning when it was calm. I worried about Brian worrying about us, or
coming out to look for us when he was sick, but I could not face any more
struggle against wind and water that day.  Additionally, neither of us was
100% sure where we were.

Trish did not have any extra clothes and was getting cold, and pretty well
refused to spend the night with me wrapped in a tarp in the woods!  She
wanted to try going out around the south end of the island we were on,
hoping that the water conditions might be better there.  I explained how
it would be even worse, but I did not want to let her go alone.  Once
around the point, we were able to go from island to island for a short
distance, as  had Trish noted on the chart, and she said she felt better
doing something rather that just sitting there. The water was still choppy
and there was still wind, but  not like we had crossing from Nootka.  Two
men in a small boat were returning from fishing and I was able to get their
attention with my whistle and by waving my paddle.  They told us that we
were where we thought we were and were on the right course for Vernacci.
We paddled  consistently and patiently on.  I was very relieved to see the
pink buoy marking our little cove as I rounded the  point.

Brian at first thought we had  been invited to have dinner at the fishing
lodge,  but then  grew  concerned..  We both hugged Brian and with great
pleasure ate the wonderful tasty soup he had prepared for us. We were very
glad to be back at camp, and   I was happy I had followed Trish this time!


On Monday Trish and I paddled close to home, not together, but not far away
either.  Brian stayed in camp.

We set out to meet the Uchuck on Tuesday, a fine morning. We arrived at San
Carlos Point at about 2:00.  Brian jokingly noted that the crew of the
Uchuck had told us to be at San Carlos Point at 2:30, but had not said that
they would be at San Carlos Point at 2:30. He now thought we had been told
2:30 because once five years ago the Uchuck actually made it toSan Carlos
at that time on the return trip from Tahsis.    Remember, he said, we were
dropped off at 5:30 so it stands to reason that that is about when they
will pick us up.

We arrived at the dock in Gold River  much later than we thought we would
(the 2:30 thing; what Brian had surmised was true).

The end!

I have a hard time with the "save yourself" thing, but I know that I
probably couldn't save anyone else, to be realistic.  I have practised
rescues but have let them get rusty and I am not therefore confident. And
fear plus lack of confidence plus actual lack of ability to help is close
to a guarantor of disaster.  I would probably try tohelp anyway, and
there's a chance I would be helpful, but a far greater chance of increasing
the trouble.

I  want to be sure that if I say I will stay and wait, that my companion
understands that I mean that and not to go off without me, and that I
expect the same; I would not let a headstrong novice paddler set out on her
or his own; I wouldn't leave my paddling companion unless he/she was
injured or unable to paddle and I had to seek help.

This was my first experience of being supposedly more capable in a boat
than my companion. It brought into glaring focus my lack of real skills.
And this was not in conditions that would faze a lot of paddlers on this
list.  This trip  made me think about a lot of paddling related issues,
including interpersonal / group dynamics.

Diane




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From: Richard Culpeper <cul258_at_lawlab.law.uwo.ca>
subject: [Paddlewise] large club safety oversight function
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 1998 13:35:14 -0500
Large Club Safety Oversight Function

The discussion concerning waivers, the discussion concerning group
dynamics, and the rapid growth in popularity in paddling have got me
scratching my head over how clubs can improve the safety of their
trips.  I thought I might take a look at the old chestnut of trip
organizers v. trip leaders in large clubs.  A review of the problem
large clubs are having in this area has led me to the conclusion that
large clubs should consider having a person or committee in an oversight
role with the function of  looking at safety throughout the club and its
activities.

For trips which are composed entirely of experienced paddlers, there is
seldom a need for a defined leader.  Open communication and consensual
decisions help draw on a broad range of experience.  When need for a
leader arises, e.g. when co-ordinating a rescue, a group of experienced
paddlers should smoothly transform into the leader-team model.  At the
other end of the scale, obviously beginner groups or groups with a fair
percentage of beginners require a leader.

A problem can arise when there are one or more inexperienced or immature
people on a trip, which is common for trips run by large clubs.  For the
occasional inexperienced person, a buddy system works nicely, but the
entire group must be supportive so that you don't end up with friction.
The problem of an immature person is much more difficult (e.g. someone
who persistently heads off on their own, or takes risks that the rest of
the group finds unacceptable).  Obviously the rational solution as far
as safety goes is to toss them from the trip as soon as possible if they
do not respond positively to counselling, and to black list them from
future trips, but this is often socially difficult.  I don't have a
clean solution, but I suggest that taking care in deciding who will join
a trip is a good start (and then hold fast against cling-ons who tend to
turn up at the put-in and expect to tag along even though they were not
invited).  For example, if a person has a reputation for straying, place
them on trips where (a) even if they stray they will not get into much
trouble (e.g. tightly controlled beginner trips only), and (b) assign
them as a buddy to a person whom you know will not stray, and see if
they will take their responsibility to an individual more seriously than
their responsibility to the group.  The next step is to hold both pre-
and post-trip briefings.  Lay out everything ahead of time, including
what is expected of every participant, and then at lunch, at the end of
the day, and at the end of the trip, compare what happened (both good
and bad) against what was planned, and discuss how each member succeeded
or failed in their tasks and obligations.  If you get in the habit of
doing this, you will find less hostility than if you let matters fester
and then suddenly jump out and criticize someone.  You will also
forestall the commonly used "better hindsight than foresight" rebuttal
which is often used by negligent paddlers when they are criticized after
messing up.  Hopefully this will help prevent serious problems, relieve
friction, and still provide an opportunity for immature paddlers to
learn how they can develop into more responsible paddlers.  I've found
than in about three decades of paddling, I have only encountered three
people who eventually did not come around, and with whom I simply have
to avoid paddling.

This leads directly into the old problem of whether a club should have
trip co-ordinators or trip leaders (a topic which was touched upon
several times during the waiver discussion, but which was not closely
examined).  I'd like to use the Wilderness Canoe Association (WCA) as an
example.  The club started with a small number of experienced paddlers,
but in the last decade has had very strong growth (I think they are now
at about 700 memberships or so, and given that a membership usually
includes a couple or a family, the overall membership is probably about
1,500 people).  The odd thing is that the number of local trips listed
in the newsletter has not increased as rapidly as the membership.  Of
even more interest is that a greater proportion of these local trips are
now instructional oriented.

The WCA has always maintained that the people who run the local trips
are trip organizers only, and unless otherwise specified are not trip
leaders.  To quote from 1979 newsletter:  "We remind you that our trip
organizers are just that -- ORGANIZERS -- not outfitters, guides or
instructors, but fellow members who have volunteered to put together a
trip and share the experience with you.  Participants are responsible
for their own transportation, equipment, and safety while on the trip."
Since trip organizers are not trip leaders, there has been little
relatively little concern over the leadership ability of the organizers.

How does this policy fit with the reality of most local trips having
paddlers of a variety of skill, experience and maturity levels, the
growth in the relative number of new paddlers who need guidance whether
they realize it or not, and the need to perform rigorous risk analysis
and group briefings?  Quite simply, it is forcing the organizers into
more leadership oriented roles.  The policy does not match the reality.
This dichotomy has contributed to a lack of consistency, where some
organizers take on a leadership role in their local trips, while others
do not.  This has led to new members being unsure of what is expected of
them and what they can expect from the trip organizers.  It has
contributed to the tripping committee not rigorously ensuring that only
competent leaders are permitted to organize trips.  It has led to trip
organizers occasionally finding themselves in the position of having a
leadership role forced upon them due to the on-water exigencies.  It has
led to trip organizers who prefer to take a leadership role to back away
from offering local trips because they find that due to prior club
practices their task is similar to herding cats.  The bottom line is
that the safety practices are slipping.  (For those WCA members who
disagree with this, I suggest that you take a look at who is offering
what sort of trips, and note that several wild water trips are being
offered by a person who does not believe that women are capable of front
ferries, who routinely dumps in class I, and who has verbally abused
several members on several trips.  Enough said.)

All in all, I would suggest that the club needs to recognize that each
trip needs to have a leader, and that responsibilities and expectations
of both leaders and participants should be clearly set out and discussed
prior to a trip being offered in the newsletter, and again prior to the
start of a trip.  I also suggest internal technical and leadership
workshops, promotion of external formal certification and professional
development, and close vetting and regular reviewing of all leaders.  To
do this will require a shift in the mindset of the club, and given the
ongoing efforts of the tripping committee, I believe that this shift is
already underway.  For the WCA, and for any large club with a
significant number of new paddlers, I suggest that it is no longer
possible to have trip organizers but not have competent trip leaders
without compromising safety.

I realize that the road to providing competent leaders in a volunteer
club is fraught with obstacles, ranging from promoting a hero-badge
culture to discouraging competent, non-professional paddlers.  For
examples of these sorts of problems, I would like to look at the London
Canoe Club (LCC).  Similar to the WCA, the LCC has experienced strong
growth over the last few years, but unlike the WCA, it has embraced the
Ontario Recreational Canoeing Association's (ORCA) certification (BTW,
the WCA and ORCA began with many of the the same people, but broke into
separate organizations primarily over matters such as these:  the WCA
was more into paddling, whereas ORCA was more into instruction).  The
LCC's shift toward requiring ORCA certified instructors and trip leaders
has been fraught with difficulty, for the club has made some very
arbitrary decisions which have discouraged competent instructors and
trip leaders.  Folks who have been very competent volunteer trip leaders
for the last ten or more years have been forced to become certified (a
several hundred dollar expense) or to stop leading trips because there
has been no grand fathering clause (this was a contributing factor in
the club president leaving office).  Folks who are already both highly
experienced and certified in other disciplines such as sprint or wild
water have been marginalized and precluded from offering basic paddling
instruction because they are not ORCA certified (additionally, and
perhaps tangential to the certification issue, a national team sprinter
was not allowed to paddle a sprint boat, and an OWWA instructor was
dissuaded from holding a series of wild water clinics).  Two of the more
vocal ORCA instructors who have pushed most strongly to promote ORCA
instruction could not paddle their way out of a paper bag (one received
his certification before the standards were very high -- he thinks that
the Ottawa is a deadly river but does not insist on his students wearing
wet suit or dry suits in spring wild water, and the other is an
inexperienced paddler who recently earned his Junior Instructor badge
but has yet to master the forward stroke).  Most importantly, the Board
has not kept track of what the instructors are up to, which directly led
to the wiping out of a trip on the Spanish last summer (no serious
injuries -- they just lost a couple of  boats) when the club designated
leader dropped out immediately prior to the trip without either
arranging for a replacement or cancelling the trip.  Quite simply, the
LCC has had the best of intentions in trying to improve the quality of
its trip leaders, but has fallen into the hero-badge trap.  The emphasis
is on who has what ORCA level, rather than who can do a safe, solid
job.  Too much faith is being put in the paper qualifications, and too
little thought is being given to what is actually being delivered to the
membership.  The LCC is assuming that in requiring ORCA certification,
it has met its safety responsibilities, which could not be further from
the truth, for requiring qualified leaders is just the beginning of a
club's responsibilities.

Please don't get the impression that I'm not supportive of ORCA.  I
think they are a terrific organization.  They have made great inroads in
promoting paddling safety in the province.  I am a member of ORCA and I
have been a director of ORCA.  While I support the promotion of formally
qualified leaders, and consider it negligent to lead a trip without
appropriate rescue, CPR, first aid, survival and paddling training and
experience, I suggest that a club should not look at a certification
program as a global solution to its safety needs. Putting blind faith in
a certification program is a logical fallacy:  argument ad auctoritas.
Yes, if I had to make a choice based on knowing only that a person were
certified or not, I would go with the certification, but clubs are not
faced with such limited data.  They need to closely examine their needs
and then look at what resources are available.  I suggest that a club
should look behind the hero-badge, and closely examine what they are
getting in a leader.  What skills does the leader have?  What experience
does the leader have?  How well does the leader perform when running a
trip?  In what types of activities is the leader competent to lead?
These are just a few of the many questions which should be answered.  I
suggest that a club should not delegate its responsibility when
selecting leaders.  The club should be the first and last authority on
who is qualified to lead, and should set its own standards based on its
own needs.  If the club decides that an ORCA certification program, or
OWWA certification program, or OWWA certification program is required,
then it must recognize that it still has the ultimate responsibility to
decide who is competent to lead in what circumstances.  The club must
not pass off this responsibility, for if it does so, it will sacrifice
safety for hero-badges.

So now we have looked at two examples of large clubs which have
experienced significant growth.  One, the WCA, has run into difficulty
because it has avoided recognizing the need for trip leaders rather than
organizers.  The other, the LCC, has run into difficulty because in its
wish to provide competent leaders, it has fallen into the hero-badge
trap.  What is common to both is that neither club has done a very good
job at looking at specific safety concerns, and in taking responsibility
as a club for the safe running of trips.  I suggest that both outfits
would do well to take a close look at what is actually occurring on
their trips, and try to step away from dogma in their analyses.

I wonder large clubs, should have active safety committees, whose
oversight role should be to poke into all aspects of the club
(particularly on-water activities), collect data, and make
recommendations?  For example, the WCA organizational structure is
broken into a general six person board of directors including a chair,
and non-board positions for secretary, treasurer, membership records,
public information, tripping and journal.  The LCC organizational
structure is broken into a task based twelve person board of directors,
including president, vice-president, membership, treasurer, secretary,
tripping, marathon training, boathouse staffing, newsletter, and
lessons, and non-board positions for maintenance, high-school
instruction, sprint racing, dragon boat racing, and kayak instruction.
I find it curious that neither club assigns a person or committee to
look solely at safety.  It seems that every need under the sun, from
staffing public information booths to swabbing the toilets, is assigned
resources, but safety is not.  I realize that safety should be, and
usually is, an important factor in any given decision by any person
holding a responsible position with a large club, but is this enough?
Would a safety officer or committee help move a club as a whole to
assuming responsibility for the safety of the activities its sponsors?
Would it help a club avoid the problems the WCA and the LCC are facing?
If it would be helpful, how best would it be implemented to avoid
creating another layer of bureaucracy in a large club?

Richard Culpeper
www.geocities.com/~culpeper



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From: Sarah M Ohmann <ohman001_at_maroon.tc.umn.edu>
subject: [Paddlewise] Club Safety
Date: Wed, 4 Mar 1998 09:55:24 -0600 (CST)
Hi Folks-

I have been thinking about Richard Culpeper's post on club
safety and trip leadership for the last few days.  Our club (Twin
Cities Sea Kayaking Club- Minneapolis) is also grappling with the same
issues raised, partly due to the fact that in the last three years our 
club has grown from five people who knew each other pretty well to about
sixty (I think membership just about doubled last year). While some of
these points have been discussed in a general way during the last few
weeks, I would like to hear specifically from members of other clubs on
how they have dealt with the following questions-

Are trip leaders for your club strictly organizers or are they expected to
be responsible for safety of participants?  What are their
responsibilities in the event of an emergency?

What, if any, are the requirements in terms of skills, training or
certifications for trip leaders?  For participants? 

Does your club have any sort of process for approving trips or trip
leaders?

Do you have trip ratings such as beginning, intermediate and advanced?  If
so, how do you define the different ratings?  

To answer Richard's question, our six member board of directors is
currently considering forming a safety committee.  Initially, at least,
the policies that need to be worked out seem too complex to leave to one
person.

Some of the discussion about safety rules and/or guidelines in 
our club has to do with liability issues.  So these next questions are
for any attorneys on the list, or any other clubs that have
experience with the legal aspects of club safety.  

Our club is incorporated, we do have a liability waiver (for what it's
worth) and since we are a chapter of the ACA (American Canoe Association)
our trips are covered by their liability insurance. But some are
concerned that we have not covered our butts legally, and that safety
rules may be required for this reason in addition to ensuring the safety
of our club members.  Is there any information on this, maybe from clubs
who do other activities such as ww kayaking or mountaineering?
 
Personally, I worry that too much obsessing about liability will result
in no club activities at all.  But then, I have no good information on how
much of a concern lawsuits should be.  Are there any examples of clubs or
club members being sued?  Are there any cases of club activities resulting
in fatalities in sea kayaking?  I sincerely hope the answer to these
question is "no"!

I would really appreciate any feedback from other clubs who have faced or
are facing these questions.

Thanks!
Sarah Ohmann


On Sat, 28 Feb 1998, Richard Culpeper wrote:

> Large Club Safety Oversight Function
> 
> The discussion concerning waivers, the discussion concerning group
> dynamics, and the rapid growth in popularity in paddling have got me
> scratching my head over how clubs can improve the safety of their
> trips.  I thought I might take a look at the old chestnut of trip
> organizers v. trip leaders in large clubs.  A review of the problem
> large clubs are having in this area has led me to the conclusion that
> large clubs should consider having a person or committee in an oversight
> role with the function of  looking at safety throughout the club and its
> activities.


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From: Richard Culpeper <cul258_at_lawlab.law.uwo.ca>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Group dynamics (long)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 1998 12:44:29 -0500
dianem_at_sd61.bc.ca wrote:

--big snip of insightful post--

> I  want to be sure that if I say I will stay and wait, that my
> companion
> understands that I mean that and not to go off without me, and that I
> expect the same; I would not let a headstrong novice paddler set out
> on her
> or his own; I wouldn't leave my paddling companion unless he/she was
> injured or unable to paddle and I had to seek help.

--snip--

I quite agree with John's analysis of Diane's adventure, and also agree
with John that Diane's trip raises several separate issues which warrant
discussion.  In this post  I would like to focus on the pressure which
is sometimes felt on day trips to make it home rather than to camp over.

OK gang, hands up for those who have spouses, children, parents or close
friends who would flip-out, think we are dead or in dire circumstances,
and call 911 if we did not return in the evening from a day trip.  Let's
face it, for many paddlers (perhaps most), there is this outside
influence on our decision concerning whether to press on or to pitch
camp.  Lord knows my folks were like this.

I think, however, that this sort of counter-productive pressure can be
somewhat mitigated by including the stay-at-homes in the trip planning
process, and by acclimating both them and yourself to occasional
un-expected camp-overs.  By going through the trip plan with them each
and every time you go out, you stand a better chance at them realizing
that your not arriving home for tea means that you are more likely to be
safe and snug somewhere than in danger.  Make it very clear when they
should call for help, but make it equally clear that up to this point
they should not worry.  The less they worry, the less you will worry
about them worrying, and the more rational your decisions will be.  If
they are not capable of rationalizing their fears, you simply have to
recognize this, and if you find yourself in a jam, you must remind
yourself to not let your perception of their anxiety affect your
decision. At each leg of a journey which is running into trouble,
discuss the matter with the group.  Get it out in the open, and ask that
extraneous concerns, such as the anxiety of folks at home, be filed away
and not be allowed to influence your immediate safety decisions.  Even
if you are concerned that an expensive rescue may be called in, you
still must not let this affect your decision.

Richard Culpeper
www.geocities.com/~culpeper






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From: Keith Kaste <kkaste_at_slip.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Group dynamics (long)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 1998 18:48:34 -0800
One little comment here.  We have all this money invested in equipment in order
to paddle safely.  It's not that much more for a VHF radio (maybe $100 US).
Though I haven't made use of them, I am told there are certain channels where
people will phone your family in case your plans change suddenly.  And don't
forget you have a direct line to the Coast Guard.  I know there are times when
having a radio may not help you, but in the majority of cases it will.  Both
Megan and I have our own radio.  In the event we are separated we have a plan
of time and channel for contacting each other, in addition to our ability
independently to call for help.

Keith Kaste

Richard Culpeper wrote:

> dianem_at_sd61.bc.ca wrote:
>
> --big snip of insightful post--
>
> > I  want to be sure that if I say I will stay and wait, that my
> > companion
> > understands that I mean that and not to go off without me, and that I
> > expect the same; I would not let a headstrong novice paddler set out
> > on her
> > or his own; I wouldn't leave my paddling companion unless he/she was
> > injured or unable to paddle and I had to seek help.
>
> --snip--
>
> I quite agree with John's analysis of Diane's adventure, and also agree
> with John that Diane's trip raises several separate issues which warrant
> discussion.  In this post  I would like to focus on the pressure which
> is sometimes felt on day trips to make it home rather than to camp over.
>
> OK gang, hands up for those who have spouses, children, parents or close
> friends who would flip-out, think we are dead or in dire circumstances,
> and call 911 if we did not return in the evening from a day trip.  Let's
> face it, for many paddlers (perhaps most), there is this outside
> influence on our decision concerning whether to press on or to pitch
> camp.  Lord knows my folks were like this.
>
> I think, however, that this sort of counter-productive pressure can be
> somewhat mitigated by including the stay-at-homes in the trip planning
> process, and by acclimating both them and yourself to occasional
> un-expected camp-overs.  By going through the trip plan with them each
> and every time you go out, you stand a better chance at them realizing
> that your not arriving home for tea means that you are more likely to be
> safe and snug somewhere than in danger.  Make it very clear when they
> should call for help, but make it equally clear that up to this point
> they should not worry.  The less they worry, the less you will worry
> about them worrying, and the more rational your decisions will be.  If
> they are not capable of rationalizing their fears, you simply have to
> recognize this, and if you find yourself in a jam, you must remind
> yourself to not let your perception of their anxiety affect your
> decision. At each leg of a journey which is running into trouble,
> discuss the matter with the group.  Get it out in the open, and ask that
> extraneous concerns, such as the anxiety of folks at home, be filed away
> and not be allowed to influence your immediate safety decisions.  Even
> if you are concerned that an expensive rescue may be called in, you
> still must not let this affect your decision.
>
> Richard Culpeper
> www.geocities.com/~culpeper
>
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> ***************************************************************************



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