Re: [Paddlewise] wing theory

From: Michael Edelman <mje_at_spamcop.net>
Date: Fri, 06 Jun 2003 17:19:31 -0400
Nick wrote:

> Changing the size of the blade does not change the gear ratio. The 
> "gear ratio" is only related to the length of the paddle. Changing the 
> size of the blade changes the speed at which it moves through the 
> water, in other words it changes its efficiency. This is more analogous 
> to having a bicycle chain skip or jump on the gears or having the gear 
> rotate slightly relative to the peddle. Changing the blade size does 
> effect the perceived gear ratio because for a given cadence it will 
> take less force, and for a given force it will require a higher cadence.

Didn't we thrash this to death last year? ;-) There's a conceptual 
confusion between the notions of biomechanical efficiency (translating 
muscle power into propulsion), paddle "efficiency" (translating swept 
are into propulsion) and mechanical advantage (paddle as lever).

I think I noted back then that the "efficiency" of coupling the paddle 
to the water does *not* equate to efficiency in converting muscle power 
to propulsion (biomechanical efficiency). Two different things. A small 
blade doesn't move as much water with each stroke as does a large blade, 
but at the same time, it doesn't require as much energy input to move 
through the water.

So yes, enlarging the blade has the same end result as does lengthening 
the paddle: It increases *both* the energy in and propulsion out for a 
given swept area, even though it accomplishes it in a different way. And 
both are indeed similar to changing gears on the bike. Shrink the blade 
or shorten the arm, and you increase the rate to get the same propulsive 
force over time.

And that brings us to biomechanical efficiency. By experimenting with 
the tradeoff between blade size/paddle length and rate, you can find the 
optimum combination for you to transfer maximum power *over time*.

-- mike
  -------------------------
  Michael Edelman
  medelman_at_ameritech.net
  http://www.foldingkayaks.org
  http://www.findascope.com

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Received on Fri Jun 06 2003 - 14:18:55 PDT

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