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From: <SeaKayakNH_at_aol.com>
subject: [Paddlewise] No-Fault Paddling Get-togethers
Date: Sat, 28 Apr 2001 06:42:34 EDT
In a message dated 4/27/01 5:47:25 PM, ashton_at_tundra.org writes:

<< I personally believe that if I am organizing a trip, that is to say, 
pulling it together, I have an obligation to ensure certain minimum levels of 
safety and communication. >>

    I agree, in theory.  The problem manifests itself in practice.  As an 
individual or group works towards providing these minimum levels of safety 
and communication, they expose themselves to someone else's definition of 
said minimum levels. This exposure can lead to serious threats relative to 
liability issues when the inevitable mishaps occur or the person with the 
alternative definitions is voicing them in a court of law.

<< I believe it's my responsibility to ensure that we have an adequate mix of 
experienced and novice paddlers, and that it's my responsibility to ensure 
that there is first-aid gear somewhere in the fleet. I also believe it's my 
responsibility to play liaison between the various groups of paddlers, and 
let the fleet know that we are, de facto if not de jure, all together in this 
endeavor. 

I suppose this opens me up to liability, but there are insurance forms for 
that; my basic take is that if I am organizing a trip, whether it's no-leader 
or led, it is absolutely, positively incumbent upon me and *nobody else* to 
make sure that we have our proverbial <deleted> together. >>

    While I agree completely with your last statement, this shepherding of 
other paddlers can lead them into a false sense of security. By insulating 
people from these realities, do we stunt their learning? I am not an 
emergency medical anything, but I share your sense of responsibility for all 
things within my sphere of influence. If our sense of responsibility is 
similar, maybe too is our learning experience that produced this.
    I did everything wrong, as I was learning about every adventure sport to 
which I was drawn. Oh I tried to be prepared, but ignorance of the potential 
for life threatening situations, kept me relying on the grace of god to 
survive without serious injury. What I did learn, very quickly, was the 
difference between owning the right gear and knowing how to use it properly.

    The club I paddle with offers both led trips "in season" and leaderless 
trips off-season. "In-season" we cater to the newer, sometimes slower, 
sometimes less adventurous paddlers. In the "off-season" we cater to no one. 
Every paddler is responsible for recognizing their own limits and managing 
them. We wont leave a friend alone to fend for himself. But neither do we 
downgrade our trips to accommodate someone that should not be there. We don't 
have to, no one in the group would be there if they could not handle the 
conditions and mileage. We do make allowances for good paddlers having "off 
days" or equipment issues. But basically, the "off-season" is when the 
leaders can relax, go into auto-mode and enjoy themselves.

    That being said, each person prepares and conducts themselves as if they 
were paddling alone, with no one to help them. In some cases the conditions 
are such that assisted rescues would be very difficult and dangerous. So each 
of us plans to rely only on ourselves for our own safety. We just happen to 
all paddle in the same area close enough to talk while we all paddle toward 
the same lunch spot. So in a sense, far from being leaderless, these trips 
are made up of only leaders.

Respectfully,
Jed

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From: <JCMARTIN43_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] No-Fault Paddling Get-togethers
Date: Fri, 27 Apr 2001 17:47:54 EDT
In a message dated 4/27/2001 5:04:01 PM Eastern Daylight Time, 
FoldingBoats_at_aol.com writes:


> I interpret that as meaning that if one gets there and gets along with the 
> people that are already there fine, if not, do something else. 
> 
> One is free to "pre-negotiate" if one contacts like-minded paddlers or the 
> initiator of a particular trip ahead of time, of course, but no-one is 
> under any obligation to make special provisions to paddle with anyone just 
> because they turn up (and the same is true in reverse, of course!!). 
> 
> If one doesn't fit in for any reason or feel uncomfortable with the 
> prevailing conditions at launch (or with the way they are likely to 
> develop) or one is simply "less qualified", then one should have the good 
> sense not to go out with that particular group on that particular trip.
> 
> 
Ralph (Hoehn) wins.  At least that's how we did it in ANorAK days.  This is 
no-fault paddling, folks.  Nobody's in charge.  Anarchy could reign, but I 
never saw it happen.  Tell you what did happen --- and it happened on that 
Strawberry Banks trip, in fact.

I was out in Hampton Roads --- which can get a little gnarly when the tide 
and wind don't get along --- with a bunch of good paddlers, all lots better 
than me.  We were all having fun getting clapotis-clobbers and finding 
ourselves on top of pillows and even the odd standing wave, and, all of a 
sudden we were busted by the Coast Guard!  They couldn't believe we were 
actually enjoying the ride --- and, in truth, I'm not sure we all were.  So, 
with a pair of blue-light special forty-footers "escorting" us in to the 
shallows, we got into even nastier water.  I wound up falling off the edge of 
a boomer into a hole that looked like Moses had just raised his staff at the 
wrong time, and I could swear I saw bloody-hell Australia in the bottom of 
this big airpocket that used to be 20 feet of water!  As I approached what I 
figured would be a nasty ending to the forward half of my Pintail, Moses 
dropped the stick and there was water there.  A whole lot of water --- like 
more than before.  And it was coming up to meet me.  And it did!  With the 
bow down about 90 degrees, this mini-haystacks comes to greet me, and I did 
the ugliest face plant I've ever seen, let alone attempted.  Somehow the 
brace --- which was strangely about 90 degrees out of phase, too --- worked 
and the dry side stayed up --- certainly not dry.

At that point, I think I suggested to Dan Winters --- the local, no-fault, 
non-organizer of this weekend --- that my sinuses had just taken on several 
percent of the volume of the water in Hampton Roads, and I thought I might 
like to turn back.

Well, I felt like the turn pylon in a two legged race!  Without anybody 
saying "well,  okay, I guess ..." the entire gaggle had flipped around 
through braced turns and were all going by me so fast I couldn't tell them 
apart.  Kinda looked like everybody had decided that their fun meters had run 
to red and were looking for any kind of excuse to head  back, but nobody 
would say a word.  

That's  what can happen on a trip like that, but it's still a great, 
non-confrontive way to paddle.  You don't have to sign anything.  If there 
are people who want to go up back creeks and look for piles of otter poop on 
stumps, that's cool.   If there are idiots like me who would probably have 
been better off as poop-scouts that day, well they (I) learned another 
lesson.  Don't  try to over-diagnose the deal --- it's just an interesting 
way to get a bunch of paddlers together, and if ten newbies show up, the guy 
who posted the note turns coach for the day.  No big deal.  

Jack Martin

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From: Ashton Treadway <ashton_at_tundra.org>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] No-Fault Paddling Get-togethers
Date: Fri, 27 Apr 2001 18:41:14 -0400 (EDT)
Hi!

I've taken a good bit of fire in some local groups for suggesting that
there is a certain responsibility inherent in organizing a trip. And I
imagine I'll take some more here, but I've got plenty of skin. ;)

Let me explain what I mean by responsibility, before I must needs don
flameproof wetsuits, etc. :>

I personally believe that if I am organizing a trip, that is to say,
pulling it together, I have an obligation to ensure certain minimum levels
of safety and communication.

I believe it's my responsibility to ensure that we have an adequate mix of
experienced and novice paddlers, and that it's my responsibility to ensure
that there is first-aid gear somewhere in the fleet. I also believe it's
my responsibility to play liaison between the various groups of paddlers,
and let the fleet know that we are, de facto if not de jure, all together
in this endeavor.

This means gently reminding the speedy that there are others along who are
not so speedy, and that occasional patience will be gratefully accepted.
It also means soothing the concerns of the not-so-speedy that they'll be
left behind by the speedy, and encouraging them to do their best, but not
to wind up doing their worst by trying to do their best.

I suppose this opens me up to liability, but there are insurance forms for
that; my basic take is that if I am organizing a trip, whether it's
no-leader or led, it is absolutely, positively incumbent upon me and
*nobody else* to make sure that we have our proverbial <deleted> together.

I will make the point that I'm an EMT and firefighter by training (and
occasionally profession), which I would wager has much to do with my
opinions. I just believe that any situation in which you allow everyone to
"take care of themselves" usually winds up being the situation in which
you *really*, *really* wish you'd done some rudimentary organizational and
procedural groundwork, and that one person somewhere was at least
nominally "in charge".

Again, my USD$.02 (very nearly CDN$.03, and NZ$.048, so I shall expect
more briskness from those quarters ;) )

.ashton

On Fri, 27 Apr 2001 JCMARTIN43_at_aol.com wrote:

> Date: Fri, 27 Apr 2001 17:47:54 EDT
> From: JCMARTIN43_at_aol.com
> To: FoldingBoats_at_aol.com, paddlewise_at_paddlewise.net
> Subject: Re: [Paddlewise] No-Fault Paddling Get-togethers
>
> In a message dated 4/27/2001 5:04:01 PM Eastern Daylight Time,
> FoldingBoats_at_aol.com writes:

[snipped]

> Ralph (Hoehn) wins.  At least that's how we did it in ANorAK days.  This is
> no-fault paddling, folks.  Nobody's in charge.  Anarchy could reign, but I
> never saw it happen.  Tell you what did happen --- and it happened on that
> Strawberry Banks trip, in fact.

[snipped]

> way to get a bunch of paddlers together, and if ten newbies show up, the guy
> who posted the note turns coach for the day.  No big deal.
>
> Jack Martin

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From: <JCMARTIN43_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] No-Fault Paddling Get-togethers
Date: Fri, 27 Apr 2001 21:59:26 EDT
In a message dated 4/27/2001 6:43:29 PM Eastern Daylight Time, 
ashton_at_tundra.org writes:


> 
> I've taken a good bit of fire in some local groups for suggesting that
> there is a certain responsibility inherent in organizing a trip. And I
> imagine I'll take some more here .....

I'd be very surprised if you do, Ashton.  This is PaddleWise!

My points, if there were any, were to do with having a group of paddlers like 
those in ANorAK  (Association of North Atlantic Kayakers) who generally were 
seasoned and solid, experienced paddlefolk.  That's as opposed to how 
"organized" trips need to be run, as you pointed out.  No argument here --- 
you're absolutely right: "trips" need leaders, and leaders have 
accountability and responsibility.  Thing is, most of the people who went on 
ANorAK outings were already trip leaders, and there was a casual assumption 
that folks would take care of themselves and each other.

But your points are well taken, and I doubt you're going to see flickers from 
this gaggle, let alone flames.

Jack Martin

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From: Dave Kruger <dkruger_at_pacifier.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] No-Fault Paddling Get-togethers
Date: Sat, 28 Apr 2001 04:56:25 -0700
SeaKayakNH_at_aol.com wrote:

>     That being said, each person prepares and conducts themselves as if they
> were paddling alone, with no one to help them. In some cases the conditions
> are such that assisted rescues would be very difficult and dangerous. So each
> of us plans to rely only on ourselves for our own safety. We just happen to
> all paddle in the same area close enough to talk while we all paddle toward
> the same lunch spot. So in a sense, far from being leaderless, these trips
> are made up of only leaders.

I really think you guys are fooling yourselves.

I think, as an aggregate, your group of "leaders" is more likely to tackle
risky stuff than would be the "average" person among you __if alone__.  I've
seen this sort of dynamic operating among ice climbers when "parallel soloing"
a route.

Yeah, if asked if this is true, I bet most of your group of "leaders" would
dispute my claim.  But, I bet if we looked at __your behavior__ when grouped
loosely versus __your behavior__ when alone, we would find greater willingness
to paddle close to boomers, diddle in surge channels, side-surf over shallows,
etc., when loosely grouped.

I believe it is only the truly demented amongst us who can escape the
psychological effect of the "comfort" of being part of a herd.

Jed, if you have not done so yet, take a look at the Target Risk stuff Winters
(and others) have pointed us at.  I think each of us adjusts his/her risk level
to something she/he feels "comfortable with" and that the presence of others
makes each of us feel a _leeetle_ more comfortable, on the average, and so we
try trickier stuff when others are around.  I know this is the way I operate.

In short, I don't believe any one of us is wholly objective in matching the
riskiness of a paddle to our own naked abilities.  We are influenced by the
presence or absence of others (of equivalent ability).

Jed, I challenge you to "stand aside" now and then and assess the behavior of
your group of leaders the next time you all do one of your "off season" paddles
and look for this effect.  I'll be interested in what you report back to the
Paddlewise crowd.

-- 
Dave Kruger
Astoria, OR
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From: <SeaKayakNH_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] No-Fault Paddling Get-togethers
Date: Sat, 28 Apr 2001 16:56:31 EDT
In a message dated 4/28/01 7:06:32 AM, dkruger_at_pacifier.com writes:

<< I think, as an aggregate, your group of "leaders" is more likely to tackle 
risky stuff than would be the "average" person among you __if alone__.  I've 
seen this sort of dynamic operating among ice climbers when "parallel 
soloing" a route. >>

    I don't dispute your assertion. I believe I have felt and continue to 
feel a greater sense of comfort being in the company of these similarly 
minded paddlers. Is there something wrong with that?
    I went WW paddling today, my 3rd time on the river.  It was great not to 
have to worry about anyone but myself. It was great to have other people 
looking out for me, telling me where to go, what to avoid. But the best thing 
was that I was totally thrashed and never stressed the group because my sea 
skills had left me with a reliable roll that worked very well in the 
turbulent currents. I pushed myself way beyond my comfort level because the 
risks seemed manageable.  Had I been alone, or with people I knew less well 
or trusted less, then I would not have taken the chances I did.

<< Jed, if you have not done so yet, take a look at the Target Risk stuff 
Winters (and others) have pointed us at.  I think each of us adjusts his/her 
risk level to something she/he feels "comfortable with" and that the presence 
of others makes each of us feel a _leeetle_ more comfortable, on the average, 
and so we try trickier stuff when others are around.  I know this is the way 
I operate. >>

    I'll love to look at it, but I missed the link. If someone would be so 
kind as to repost the link, I'll check it out right away.

<< Jed, I challenge you to "stand aside" now and then and assess the behavior 
of your group of leaders the next time you all do one of your "off season" 
paddles and look for this effect.  I'll be interested in what you report back 
to the Paddlewise crowd. >>

    No need to wait, Dave.  I believe I understand your point and I agree 
with it. But I never said we didn't take greater risks.  It seems my comment 
about "each of us paddling as if we were alone" is the part to which you 
disagree. Allow me to change that to "we prepare ourselves as if we were 
paddling alone, bringing whatever safety gear we would bring as a leader. 
Having no need for someone else to lend us gloves or water or a spare paddle 
or any other piece of gear." 

    The point of my post was personal responsibility.  Not that we didn't 
need each other but rather that we planned not to need assistance. And this 
planning not to need assistance left us with little need for a leader per se. 
But someone is always the most seasoned and/or has the Alpha male mentality.  
I didn't see that as a problem Sure we take greater risks when we're 
together, exactly because we only have to worry about ourselves and not 
someone that does not know their limits. Or maybe it's just more testosterone 
poisoning.

    Do we think we are warrior gods?  Hardly, but after a season of leading 
beginners on their first trips it's nice to be able to relax and paddle with 
people that won't ask anything of you. Yes, we take greater chances. That's 
the whole point. This is when we get to work on our paddling skills. I don't 
think it makes us better or worse than anyone else. But it is how we relax, 
it's how we improve and grow as paddlers.  It's how we bond.

Respectfully,
Jed

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From: Craig MacKinnon <elroca_at_earthlink.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Target Risk
Date: Sat, 28 Apr 2001 18:01:01 -0400
----- Original Message -----
From: <SeaKayakNH_at_aol.com>
To: <paddlewise_at_paddlewise.net>
Sent: Saturday, April 28, 2001 4:56 PM
Subject: Re: [Paddlewise] No-Fault Paddling Get-togethers

snip

>     I'll love to look at it, but I missed the link. If someone would be so
> kind as to repost the link, I'll check it out right away.
>
snip

http://pavlov.psyc.queensu.ca/target/index.html

Anyone with experience in this field care to comment on the validity of the
theory of risk homeostasis. The link references a publication date of 1994.
What has changed in this field in the interim? Have the findings of more
recent studies supported this theory? Is the theory readily transferable to
other areas such as rock climbing and kayaking? If applicable, any opinions
on how this theory effects risk associated with kayaking?

According to this publication:


     It also seems hard to comprehend why these rates are not much
influenced by the visible     progress in safety engineering, by
prescriptive or prohibitive laws and their enforcement,     by informing the
public about risks, or by more successful medical treatment of accident
victims who do not die instantly.

and

    if we wish to make an attempt at reducing this misery, that attempt
should be aimed at         reducing the level of risk accepted by the
population.

How do we motivate kayakers to be safer?

Thanks in advance,

Craig

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From: Nick Schade <schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] No-Fault Paddling Get-togethers
Date: Sat, 28 Apr 2001 17:42:30 -0400
>SeaKayakNH_at_aol.com wrote:
>
>>      That being said, each person prepares and conducts themselves as if they
>>  were paddling alone, with no one to help them. In some cases the conditions
>>  are such that assisted rescues would be very difficult and 
>>dangerous. So each
>>  of us plans to rely only on ourselves for our own safety. We just happen to
>>  all paddle in the same area close enough to talk while we all paddle toward
>>  the same lunch spot. So in a sense, far from being leaderless, these trips
>>  are made up of only leaders.
>
>I really think you guys are fooling yourselves.
>
>I think, as an aggregate, your group of "leaders" is more likely to tackle
>risky stuff than would be the "average" person among you __if alone__.  I've
>seen this sort of dynamic operating among ice climbers when "parallel soloing"
>a route.
>
>Yeah, if asked if this is true, I bet most of your group of "leaders" would
>dispute my claim.  But, I bet if we looked at __your behavior__ when grouped
>loosely versus __your behavior__ when alone, we would find greater willingness
>to paddle close to boomers, diddle in surge channels, side-surf over shallows,
>etc., when loosely grouped.
>

I agree that as soon as you get in a group you do not paddle as if 
you were alone. However I think there is still an advantage to the 
"leaderless" trip idea. It starts all the paddlers with the mind set 
of self sufficiency at least to some degree.

I think it is all too common for paddlers joining a club paddle with 
a leader to join the trip with the mind set that they will be taken 
care of.

There is a tendency to increase your risk exposure when you are 
paddling with a group. I also think that is the case whether there is 
an assigned leader or not. I feel that the "self-sufficient" mind set 
promoted by "leaderless" trips is a better starting point. It gives 
the individual more responsibility for their own safety and it also 
makes it easier for an individual to bail out.

If you are on a "lead" trip, you need to stick with the leader. Sure 
a good leader will turn the whole group around if one person can not 
cope, but that assumes the are good and if they are good that they 
know how everyone feels. And the tendency is for the flock to follow 
the shepherd. Even if the shepherd is leading them over a cliff.

I don't think either system is perfect. Probably the safest system is 
to only paddle with people you know. This lets you develop a system 
that works for you. However, this can be limiting.
Nick

-- 
Nick Schade
Guillemot Kayaks
824 Thompson St
Glastonbury, CT 06033
(860) 659-8847

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