PaddleWise by thread

From: Peter Osman <rebyl_kayak_at_iprimus.com.au>
subject: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Thu, 10 May 2001 23:19:36 +1000
G'Day	again and thanks for all the responses. Here's my attempt to answer
the questions.

Natalie Wiest wrote:-
>I'm not sure what you are describing as "cocked wrists".

I was using the expression to describe the use of a control hand eg: "The
control hand uses wrist and forearm motion to rotate the shaft so that each
blade meets the water at the right angle" from The Essential Sea Kayaker; or
"Remember that your right, controlling hand moves the shaft by dropping the
wrist, bending the elbow or doing both at the same time" from The Complete
Book of Sea Kayaking.

Joan Spinner wrote:-
>I would really like to hear more comment on what you learned. What, "long
>held beliefs were dispelled?" You don't have to say they were yours, just
>what were the ones that stuck out to you. The other thing is what criteria
>did she give for judging paddle length?

Most of the long held beliefs were my own. I'm pretty sure that the forward
paddling technique is a well known method for flat water kayakers and may be
the one condemned as silly for use at sea by John Dowd in his book "Sea
kayaking". As I seldom paddle more than 15km and rarely in chop greater than
two or three feet high, this may become a suitable style for me but not for
more "gung ho" paddlers. Lynda did emphasise that this was a forward stroke
for getting places with a minimum of effort and not a substitute for bracing
or sweep strokes. Very occasionally I've been in seas where this stroke
would have led to some rolling practice!

Four beliefs that were shattered
1. The need to use wrist control as described above - it was interesting to
learn a technique in which wrist control was unnecessary whether or not the
paddle was feathered.
2. That it was easier to paddle fast with a long shaft - this had been my
own prejudice not based on any tuition but with Lynda's techique or low
angle paddling I definitely needed a shorter shaft
3. That an unfeathered paddle would not rotate the wrist - Lynda showed that
an unfeathered paddle could rotate a wrist if one were not careful
4. That good posture must necessarily mean sitting upright - In fact she
advocated a slight lean forward with a straight back. I still have a
powerful memory of her knee in the small of my back pushing it straight!

I also learnt:-
- To let the bottom arm do most of the moving during the power section of
the stroke
- Not to push the paddle forward with the top hand as it is wasteful of
energy using movement to reduce the power of the stroke.
- I had no problem blending sweep, low brace, low angle stroke or stern
rudder with this stroke
- I hadn't realised just how inefficient it was to take the blade past the
hip or to use a low angle stroke except when necessary for support

The method for measuring shaft length was carried out sitting in a kayak in
the water with legs slightly bent. One holds the paddle with the lower hand
6 inches from the junction of the shaft and blade and places it in the catch
position ie blade near vertical, close to the hull, submerged and just in
front of the feet. The other hand should be somewhere between the top of the
head and the chin and neither wrist should be bent. If the top hand is 6
inches from the junction of the shaft and top blade then the paddle length
is right for this technique.

There was more but its been a long working day and my memory is fading:~)
I'll follow up with an opinion on effectiveness in a months time when I've
tried the stroke for a bit.

All the best, PeterO
















***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: <JSpinner_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Wed, 9 May 2001 09:39:32 EDT
In a message dated 5/9/01 8:36:04 AM, rebyl_kayak_at_iprimus.com.au writes:

<< As a novice I can't and should not try to do justice to our

instructor's lesson, except that some long held beliefs were dispelled. Most

of the failings in technique were ones I'd heard many times such as the

need to rotate the body and to lift the paddle out near the hip. Some points

shone out.  >>
Peter,
    I would really like to hear more comment on what you learned. What, "long 
held beliefs were dispelled?" You don't have to say they were yours, just 
what were the ones that stuck out to you. The other thing is what criteria 
did she give for judging paddle length?

Joan
***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: <HTERVORT_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Wed, 9 May 2001 11:56:49 EDT
In a message dated 5/9/01 5:31:06 AM Pacific Daylight Time, 
rebyl_kayak_at_iprimus.com.au writes:
(PeterO):

>  the topic
>  was forward paddling with Lynda Lehman, an Olympic kayaker and instructor 
of
>  many years experience. 

The operative words here might be "Olympic Kayaker".  One of the problems 
which repeatedly comes up is that people tend to think and teach that 
"technique is technique", without allowing appropriate changes in technique, 
style and equipment for different types of paddling.  The "best" technique 
for touring is not, IMNSHO, the same as racing or whitewater technique.  And 
yet, there are many instructors who come from a racing or whitewater 
background and therefore seem to the novice to possess the correct 
credentials, who teach racing or whitewater technique for use in touring 
(whether casual or extended self-supported distance touring), storm paddling, 
etc.  I'm not saying that Lynda was necessarily doing this, just voicing a 
caution that you analyze what someone shows you and see if they are teaching 
what you really need.

>  In particular was Lynda's explanation as to why it was never
>  necessary in forward paddling to "cock" the wrist, whether or not the 
paddle
>  was feathered.

This is true.  However, it doesn't necessarily mean that either feathered or 
traditional (straight) is *the* way to go.  Again, it depends on what your 
situation is.  For whitewater and racing, the feathered paddle makes total 
sense.  For touring, where we tend to use a lower stroke which is more 
restful and lower in the wind gradient, traditional makes more sense, unless 
we are beating into a very heavy wind for a short time, in which case 
switching to feathered might save a lot of energy.


>  her observation that just about all of us had paddles
>  which were either too long or far too long, together with a clear
>  description of how to set the paddle shaft length. Now this was all in the 
context of
>  forward strokes so there might be an argument for having a longer paddle to
>  brace better - but after a little practice I'm beginning to doubt it.

Shorter has great advantages in racing and whitewater where speed of stroke 
is important and you use a steep power stroke (reducing the need to raise the 
hands to clear the water).  Too short a paddle in touring reduces the power 
of not only your bracing, but more importantly, your sweep strokes.  During a 
sweep stroke, a shorter paddle has less leverage and the reduced reach also 
places the effort closer to the turning (rotational) point of the boat.

Here again, people sometimes tend to simplify the length and/or blade-size 
"equations" too much.  Dave Kruger wrote:  >Generated significant tendon pain 
when "graduated" from a 235 cm Werner San Juan (monster blades) to a 245 . . 
. .Switched to a 220 cm Lightning standard sea kayak paddle that summer
(medium-size blades) and have been relatively tendon-pain-free since<
You cannot separate paddle length from blade size.  Either a longer paddle 
*or* a larger blade will increase the drive of the paddle and thus slow your 
stroke and also place more stress on your muscles and all the suspension 
hardware in your wrist, elbow and shoulder joints.  If Dave had switched from 
the 235 SJ to a 245 Camano (10% less blade area) instead of maintaining the 
same blade area, he would have had about the same force in his forward 
stroke, with more reach during his sweeps and braces, but with more paddle 
sticking out into the wind (everything has its up and down sides).
In touring, we usually use a longer paddle than in racing or WW because it 
allows us to keep the elbows down low, near our sides, to reduce the effort 
expended in raising and lowering the weight of the arm/paddle combo during 
each stroke and to also keep the blade low.  Even if we can all agree on 
this, however, there are still other arguments for preferring either a little 
longer or shorter that people will come up with.  This is certainly reflected 
in regional differences you will see.  For example, the Brits seem to prefer 
sub-220 cm paddles for single touring kayaks, while many in the Northwest USA 
have championed 230-240 cm or longer for the same boat category, and we sell 
mostly 220-230 cm paddles for single touring boats.


>   I'ld be interested in other opinions on paddle length. Several people
>  have talked on Paddlewise about problems arising from the use of feathered
>  paddles with cocked wrists. But as I heard on Saturday it doesn't seem to 
be
>  necessary to rotate the wrist provided the paddle length and forward stroke
>  are adjusted appropriately. 

See Matt Broze's excellent instruction on this subject at the Mariner site 
(www.marinerkayaks.com).  I use Matt's low-hand control technique in surf and 
WW or during those few and brief times when I'll switch to feathered use in a 
touring kayak; it works.  


Just my sense of this best-of-all-possible-worlds.

Harold

***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: Dave Kruger <dkruger_at_pacifier.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cockedwrists
Date: Wed, 09 May 2001 13:05:25 -0700
HTERVORT_at_aol.com wrote:

[snip of excellent treatise on length and blade area components of "my paddle
is too long"]

> Here again, people sometimes tend to simplify the length and/or blade-size
> "equations" too much.  

> Dave Kruger wrote:  >Generated significant tendon pain
> when "graduated" from a 235 cm Werner San Juan (monster blades) to a 245 . .
> . .Switched to a 220 cm Lightning standard sea kayak paddle that summer
> (medium-size blades) and have been relatively tendon-pain-free since<

> You cannot separate paddle length from blade size.  Either a longer paddle
> *or* a larger blade will increase the drive of the paddle and thus slow your
> stroke and also place more stress on your muscles and all the suspension
> hardware in your wrist, elbow and shoulder joints.  If Dave had switched from
> the 235 SJ to a 245 Camano (10% less blade area) instead of maintaining the
> same blade area, he would have had about the same force in his forward
> stroke, with more reach during his sweeps and braces, but with more paddle
> sticking out into the wind (everything has its up and down sides).
> In touring, we usually use a longer paddle than in racing or WW because it
> allows us to keep the elbows down low, near our sides, to reduce the effort
> expended in raising and lowering the weight of the arm/paddle combo during
> each stroke and to also keep the blade low.  Even if we can all agree on
> this, however, there are still other arguments for preferring either a little
> longer or shorter that people will come up with.  This is certainly reflected
> in regional differences you will see.  For example, the Brits seem to prefer
> sub-220 cm paddles for single touring kayaks, while many in the Northwest USA
> have championed 230-240 cm or longer for the same boat category, and we sell
> mostly 220-230 cm paddles for single touring boats.

Harold, I should have been more explicit.  After I blew out my tendons with the
245 San Juan, I could not paddle comfortably even going back to the 235 San
Juan.  In order to decrease the stresses on my wrist, elbow, shoulder system to
the point that I did not re-injure myself, I had to back off to the shorter
Lightning, which also has a smaller blade area than the San Juan.  In other
words, I had to work both pieces of the paddle system in the same direction.

The paddle I use has a smaller blade face than the Camano, so I doubt switching
from a 235 SJ to a 235 Camano would have been OK.  For the record, the only
time I wish I had that San Juan back is in surf.  That small Lightning stick
just does not give me enough push on bracing and steering, _quick enough!_

It's hell getting old!

-- 
Dave Kruger
Astoria, OR
***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: James Tibensky <jtibensky_at_msn.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Wed, 09 May 2001 11:39:43 -0500
Some of us older paddlers are still using 90 degree feather blades.  I 
started racing [sprint and distance] in 1967, stopped in 1994 [slalom by 
that time] and still paddle 150 days a year.  Always with a 90 degree 
feather.  And never a sore wrist, even after 35 mile races.

If you put your arm flat on a table and cock the wrist back, you will see 
[get a protractor if necessary] that the human wrist cannot bend back 90 
degrees.  So there has always been a "fudge factor" in wrist rotation, 
usually by letting the paddle slide ever so slightly through the fingers.  
Hence the huge callouses, I think.

Really good technique means doing what your body and muscle types let you do 
naturally, always building up slowly.  It takes a really insightful coach or 
instructor to be able to adjust the basic tenets of good form to the body 
type of the student.  Because the paddle is not fixed to an attachment, as 
is an oar, there will not be a "perfect forward stroke".  A person with long 
arms and torso will have to paddle differently from a person with long arms 
and a short torso or short arms and short torso.  Watch Olympic sprint 
racers and you will see great variations in techniques.  And they do nothing 
but forward strokes, so they should be pretty good at it.

In my non-humble opinion, almost everything for newer paddlers ties in to 
balance, or lack of it.  A newer paddler keeps everything [elbows, hands, 
torso] close to the center of gravity.  As balance improves, stroke 
technique should change by extending.

Jim Tibensky




_________________________________________________________________
Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com

***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: Matt Broze <mkayaks_at_oz.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Wed, 9 May 2001 21:21:48 -0700
Harold wrote:
>>>>For touring, where we tend to use a lower stroke which is more
restful and lower in the wind gradient, traditional makes more sense, unless
we are beating into a very heavy wind for a short time, in which case
switching to feathered might save a lot of energy.<<<<<

While I'll admit that unfeathered paddles suffer less disadvantages than
usual when used with a low angle stroke I don't seem to have any problem
using feathered paddles at a low angle either so I'd appreciate hearing why
you think "traditional paddles make more sense" for touring. Why "for a
short time"? Wouldn't it be even more beneficial to feather if you had to
paddle into the wind for a long time.

Harold wrote:
>>>>>>Too short a paddle in touring reduces the power
of not only your bracing, but more importantly, your sweep strokes.  During
a
sweep stroke, a shorter paddle has less leverage and the reduced reach also
places the effort closer to the turning (rotational) point of the boat.<<<<

I find I can make my 220 paddle into the equivalent of a 260 cm or longer
paddle temporarily to gain leverage by simply shifting my hand position when
I want a broad sweep. If the wind is high this has the secondary advantage
of vastly reducing the leverage (length of lever-arm) the wind has to wrest
the upper blade from my control while doing the broad sweep. So it seems
easy for me to make a short paddle long when I need it but much more
difficult to make the long paddle short during the vast majority of times
when that is an advantage.

Harold wrote:
>>>>>>>You cannot separate paddle length from blade size.  Either a longer
paddle
*or* a larger blade will increase the drive of the paddle and thus slow your
stroke and also place more stress on your muscles and all the suspension
hardware in your wrist, elbow and shoulder joints.  If Dave had switched
from
the 235 SJ to a 245 Camano (10% less blade area) instead of maintaining the
same blade area, he would have had about the same force in his forward
stroke, with more reach during his sweeps and braces, but with more paddle
sticking out into the wind (everything has its up and down sides).<<<<

If you were paddling in a light fluid like air I would agree with this (and
I prefer small to medium sized blades to cut the wind force acting on me).
This seems to be logical and just "common sense", however I think it is
wrong, in a heavy fluid like water, once the blade area is big enough that
it hardly moves in the water as the kayak is drawn past it, it wouldn't make
the leverage hardly any greater if you tripled the blade area. Both the
standard and huge blades would still do essentially the same thing, hardly
move at all through the water as the kayak was drawn past. Those big blades
would be hell in the wind though. Therefore, paddle length is by far the
biggest factor determining the strain placed on ones muscles and joints
during a stroke taken in water (while overcoming the same drag). A
disadvantage of the longer paddle is that with the blade further from the
kayak each stroke has a greater percentage of ones energy use in turning
rather than propelling the kayak ahead. Another is that with the blade
further from ones hands one has a lot less control over that more distant
blade. While the brace may have more leverage with a longer paddle it will
also take longer for one to start to brace (which I think will more than
compensate) and the shorter paddle will give you better control of the blade
for things like sculling braces. Paddling deeper to get the long paddle to
not turn you so much has been suggested and may seem logical but in practice
it is fraught with difficulties. It is hard to withdraw a deep blade for a
quick slap brace, the upper blade is lifted higher and more into a stronger
wind gradient and the shaft underwater is pushing in the wrong direction and
working against your forward propulsion because the pivot point (of the
shaft) during the stroke is now under water.

Harold wrote:
>>>>>>>In touring, we usually use a longer paddle than in racing or WW
because it
allows us to keep the elbows down low, near our sides, to reduce the effort
expended in raising and lowering the weight of the arm/paddle combo during
each stroke and to also keep the blade low. <<<<<<

This is true if you use an unfeathered paddle and don't practice "low hand
control" with it. In that case you must lift your arms at the elbows, as
most unfeathered paddlers do, (to take out the 45 degree rotation your
paddle naturally goes through during switching sides before a stroke as you
lift your hand --that is pivoting around your elbow--if the elbow is held at
your side). This is why unfeathered paddlers tend to see so much advantage
in a low stroke and feathered paddlers don't see many benefits to it.
Lifting the elbows is just not a problem with feathered paddles, which
naturally keep your elbows at your sides even with a high angle stroke. If
you also use a shorter, smaller bladed paddle you will be lifting less blade
weight, less high, thus saving a little more energy with each stroke.

Harold wrote:
>>>>>See Matt Broze's excellent instruction on this subject at the Mariner
site
(www.marinerkayaks.com).  I use Matt's low-hand control technique in surf
and
WW or during those few and brief times when I'll switch to feathered use in
a
touring kayak; it works.<<<<<<<

Thanks for the plug, but we strongly recommend a seasoned paddler stick with
one feather or the other and don't switch to meet the conditions of the
time. Switching destroys your reflex brace (once you have developed one--and
you are unlikely too develop one if you do keep switching around). This is
because you must think which way you are paddling before bracing. I advocate
new paddlers play around with both feathered and unfeathered, left and right
feathered, and different feather angles early on in their paddling careers
but then decide on one way and stick to it when learning bracing, rolls and
rough water skills. The only reason to switch later is if you have some
problem that switching alleviates and then you should learn a new reflex
brace and stick with the change. John Dowd reports having to switch back to
feathered paddling (which he had not done in 20 years) when he was paddling
a tippy surf ski in Hawaii's surf. He had learned his reflex braces paddling
feathered as a youth and then he paddled stable Klepper doubles for the next
20 years (after switching to end his wrist problems). This was before "low
hand control". His experience (and influential book) have had a lot to do
with the impression that unfeathered paddling is THE solution to wrist
problems.

John Fereira wrote about what he learned fro Derek H.:
>>>>>Specifically, if your technique results in keeping your wrists for
repeatedly bending
to the limit of their range of motion you're not going to have problems
with your wrists.  One way to do that is to bend your elbow on your
control arm as well as bending your wrist.  If both joints bend, neither
has to bend as much.  Using a shorter paddle, doesn't by itself, keep
one from cocking their wrist to it's maximum range of motion.  It's the
technique of using a vertical paddle stroke that does that.<<<<<<

Gee, one of the few things I can agree with Derek on. I disagree with
bending both wrists a little to share the strain though. (Was that Derek's
solution or yours?) A bent wrist is a weak wrist. The pulling wrist should
be straight, but loose, like a rope. The pushing hand should line the wrist
up with the elbow and the paddle shaft and then push straight in line with
the forearm like a straight punch. Any bends in the system will take energy
and strain to maintain and will most likely be the weak link in the system
too and limit your power potential. Opening the upper hand during the stroke
lets the paddle rotate as well as prevents the wrist from having to bend
side to side to follow the changing angle of the paddle shaft. In other
words the joint in the system should be the hand paddle connection and not
your wrist. It could be in a cast without hurting your stroke. This is true
for either feathered or unfeathered paddling. Try it now before you get
wrist problems.


Matt Broze
http://www.marinerkayaks.com


***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: <JSpinner_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Thu, 10 May 2001 10:40:38 EDT
In a message dated 5/10/01 9:28:44 AM, rebyl_kayak_at_iprimus.com.au writes:

<< There was more but its been a long working day and my memory is fading:~)

I'll follow up with an opinion on effectiveness in a months time when I've

tried the stroke for a bit. >>

Thanks Peter. I appreciate what you had the energy to post.

Joan
***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: <Gypsykayak_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Thu, 10 May 2001 11:38:10 EDT
Scansport  (www.pakboats.com) recommends a 225 paddle for the Puffin folding 
kayak that has a 29" beam.   I regularly paddle with a Mid-Swift 220.

Mitchell Paddles make them.  I just got a 4-piece paddle for traveling, but 
it's "in the bag" and ready for the California trip (assuming the water is 
not too ##%$$_at_## cold!) so I haven't had a chance to try it out.  It's not as 
light as the Swift, so I'm sure it will take getting used to but I didn't 
want to pay carbon megabucks for a paddle that will be used mostly on trips.

I think that body size/height is relevant because a female neighbor who is 
about 5' 8" tall (I'm 5'0" short) looked out of proportion from behind so I 
switched her to a Werner Camano 240.  This was her first time..on a SOT...on 
our lake.

sandy kramer
miami
***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: <HTERVORT_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Thu, 10 May 2001 11:23:33 EDT
Matt Broze wrote:
>>While I'll admit that unfeathered paddles suffer less disadvantages than
usual when used with a low angle stroke I don't seem to have any problem
using feathered paddles at a low angle either so I'd appreciate hearing why
you think "traditional paddles make more sense" for touring. Why "for a
short time"? Wouldn't it be even more beneficial to feather if you had to
paddle into the wind for a long time.<<

I see traditional (straight) paddles as making more sense because in coastal 
kayaking the wind comes at you from all quarters.  The feathered paddle only 
helps (to any large degree IMHO) when you are paddling into the wind.  In a 
crosswind it is a liability and downwind no help.  So 2/3 of the time the 
straight paddle wins.

For a short time?  Only because I far prefer the relaxed feel of the 
traditional paddle.  I use a Greenland stick most of the time except when 
teaching classes, when I use a straight Euro.  I tend to build tension using 
the feathered Euro and find it more trouble than it is worth.  I have 
actually only found the need to feather a Euro three times in ten years to 
make progress through winds.  The rest of the time I rely on narrow blades 
and low technique.

An aside -- I found using feathered paddles in the wind easier when all of 
them were still 90* instead of the diluted angles of today.  The 70*-and-less 
offsets make the upper blade climb and stall in a heavy wind and this adds a 
lot of tension either trying to control the effect or ignore it.

>>I find I can make my 220 paddle into the equivalent of a 260 cm or longer
paddle temporarily to gain leverage by simply shifting my hand position when
I want a broad sweep. If the wind is high this has the secondary advantage
of vastly reducing the leverage (length of lever-arm) the wind has to wrest
the upper blade from my control while doing the broad sweep.<<

I agree.  I spend a lot of time teaching beginners to not move their hands 
around on the shaft, so I tend to practice what I teach, except when using 
the Greenland paddle, which I find very natural in extended strokes.

However, on a recent trip to Belize I trusted that the friend who was 
providing me with equipment would have a suitable paddle and thus wound up 
using 250 cm Camano for my spare and an approximate 100-110 cm Skinny Dipper 
(the beloved old-style Werner Little Dipper) for my main paddle.  I liked the 
short length when paddling in winds, but had a devil of a time correcting 
course without extending.  The problem is that you don't get much extension 
out of Euro without shifting your hand to the end of the blade, and I find 
that uncomfortable and perhaps inadvisable in rough conditions.  This is all 
irrelevant with Greenland sticks.

>> in a heavy fluid like water, once the blade area is big enough that
it hardly moves in the water as the kayak is drawn past it, it wouldn't make
the leverage hardly any greater if you tripled the blade area. Both the
standard and huge blades would still do essentially the same thing, hardly
move at all through the water as the kayak was drawn past. Those big blades
would be hell in the wind though. <<

I agree to a point.  For me, smaller (narrower -- not necessarily smaller 
area) is definitely vastly superior in the air, particularly in winds.  And I 
think that there must be a point where increases in size and/or length no 
longer result in reduced slippage in the range of power generated by most of 
us.  However, it just hasn't been my experience that this has caught up to me 
within the paddle size range I use.

I once tested the Skinny Dipper, Camano and San Juan paddles in 220 and 230 
lengths over a short, closed course by paddling with one after the other at 
what a perceived-constant rate of output.  My findings were that I took 10% 
fewer strokes as I jumped from blade to blade, going from smallest to 
largest, and also 10% fewer strokes going from the 220 to the 230 in each 
blade type.  I did not notice the slight increase in stress on my body during 
any of the tests.  However, I have also day paddled with all the above and 
the difference switching from blade to blade and up or down in length makes a 
big difference in how my body feels after five to ten miles.  I definitely 
hurt myself with the larger, longer paddles, so they must be giving me more 
bite.  I think the answer is that longer and/or larger makes a difference 
when first accelerating the boat and at the catch of each stroke.  Once the 
boat is gliding at speed and the blade has established pressure against the 
water, then I would believe there was little discernible difference in 
slippage.  But when accelerating the boat, and when establishing water 
pressure against the blade during the catch phase of the stroke, I feel that 
the more powerful paddle is like jogging on pavement in your bare feet -- no 
shock absorption, a quick impact of force onto your muscles, resulting in 
muscle soreness and quicker tiring.
 
>>A disadvantage of the longer paddle is that with the blade further from the
kayak each stroke has a greater percentage of ones energy use in turning
rather than propelling the kayak ahead.<<

True.  However, I think that this is of less concern in touring than in 
racing.

>>Another is that with the blade further from ones hands one has a lot less 
control over that more distant
blade. While the brace may have more leverage with a longer paddle it will
also take longer for one to start to brace<<

Agreed.  However, when talking about differences of 10 cm or so (2-1/2 inches 
per side) do you think this really matters that much for a touring kayak?  I 
can see the critical nature of length in Rodeo and performance surfing, but 
not so much in touring.  If you start comparing a 220 to the very long 
250-ish paddles favored by some in the NW (is this still the trend?) then, 
yes -- the difference is easy to feel.

>>Paddling deeper to get the long paddle to not turn you so much has been 
suggested and may seem logical but in practice
it is fraught with difficulties.<snip>  <<

It would also tend to rock the boat fore and aft, robbing the boat of speed.


Matt, thanks for your comments.  I'm always awed to hear from the man.  Just 
out of curiosity, what stick do you usually use?

Harold

***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: Alex Ferguson <a.ferguson_at_chem.canterbury.ac.nz>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Fri, 11 May 2001 08:49:58 +1200
>I also learnt:-
>
>- Not to push the paddle forward with the top hand as it is wasteful of
>energy using movement to reduce the power of the stroke.

Interesting, we have one racing/touring paddler of long years of experience 
advocating the push - emphasising it. I've noticed with new paddlers, 
getting them to add "push" and how their speed goes up as you talk to them 
(on the water).

????????

Alex
.
.
Alex (Sandy) Ferguson
Chemistry Department
University of Canterbury
New Zealand

***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: Wayne Smith <wsmith_at_cts.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cockedwrists
Date: Thu, 10 May 2001 18:09:39 -0700
Could it be somewhat mental??

This is a bit convoluted logic, but here goes:

In bicycling there is a procedure called "honking" ( Standing on the petals and
not on the seat )....   I was instructed some time ago that the driving force
on the bicycle is not the forward foot pushing down, but the rearward foot
pulling upward.   Don't concentrate on pushing the forward foot down, but
instead, concentrate on lifting the trailing foot.  Now,  I, being a Physics
major, have a tendency to apply a bit of Physics.  If you lift the back foot by
as little as 5 lbs, then the pressure on the back petal is reduced by 5#.  That
5# is transferred to the forward foot.  Which pushes down on the forward petal
by 5# - Net difference = 10# added to the petal stroke.  So for every # of lift
that you pull with the back foot, you get back twice in available petal force.
Anytime I concentrate on lifting the trailing foot, my speed goes up.  With no
additional effort.

Now for the kayak...   I have noticed that when I concentrate on pushing the
upward paddle shaft, The amount of effort to paddle appears to go down and the
speed increases.  So, I ask myself why....   I have come up with this weird set
of conclusions...  1) IN order to push, you have to relax the upper hand.
Maybe what is happening is that we are getting more rest during the stroke?  2)
WHEN  you concentrate on pushing the upper paddle, I have a tendency to "Put my
shoulder" into it.  Maybe what is happening is that to push the upper paddle I
really force the shoulders and abs into the picture.  3) In order to push the
upper paddle, I have to lower my paddle stroke to be no higher that the
shoulder.  4)  The Triceps ( The pushing muscles ) are stronger than the
biceps.

Me personally think that the solution is some combination of  the four.  Who
cares.

Live long and paddle. ( Stollen from Alex )

Wayne
As long as I paddle, or bike or walk, I live.  Whenever I arrive, I have
cheated death once again.  ( My new tag line )
------------------------------
Alex Ferguson wrote:

> >I also learnt:-
> >
> >- Not to push the paddle forward with the top hand as it is wasteful of
> >energy using movement to reduce the power of the stroke.
>
> Interesting, we have one racing/touring paddler of long years of experience
> advocating the push - emphasising it. I've noticed with new paddlers,
> getting them to add "push" and how their speed goes up as you talk to them
> (on the water).
>
> ????????
>
> Alex
> .
> .
> Alex (Sandy) Ferguson
> Chemistry Department
> University of Canterbury
> New Zealand
>
> ***************************************************************************
> PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
> here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
> responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
> Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
> Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
> Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
> ***************************************************************************




--
Wayne Smith   (ò¿ó)   http://www.waynesmith.net/
Humour:  http://www.yahoogroups.com/subscribe/Bandido_Jokesters
October 7, 1999 - 315 lb. - BMI: 44 - Dr Rumbaut - Monterrey, Mexico
Reached goal of 185# July 2000 - Have been +/- 4# ever since.
---------------------------------------------------
Tag Line for Today:
"A critic is a man who knows the way but can't drive the car." -- Kenneth Tynan

---------------------------------------------------


***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: James Tibensky <jtibensky_at_msn.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Thu, 10 May 2001 16:18:12 -0500
Regarding the push on the forward stroke -

Hold the paddle as if to make a forward stroke but put the blade into the 
water about at your knee instead of your ankle.

Now push as fast and hard as you can with the top arm but do not move the 
lower one at all.  Use the lower hand as a fulcrum but do not move it.

The boat creeps about ten inches forward.

Now extend the top arm with the elbow locked straight so that it can only 
give a little push downward. Then twist your upper body and pull with your 
lower arm as in a normal stroke. Or do a normal stroke with as little help 
from the top arm as possible.

The boat will jump forward about a boat length. Or more!

Because body types are so different - long arms with long torso, short arms 
with short torso, etc. - there is not, and never will be, a perfect stroke.  
In rowing there is a perfect stroke because the oar is fixed to the boat.  
Muscle strengths and weaknesses, body make up and balance will all affect 
the forward kayak stroke.  Especially balance.

In the late '60s when I raced and coached sprint kayaking there were three 
general types of strokes.  One was the "Scandinavian" stroke.  It was also 
called the "sway-impulse" stroke because the elbows hardly bent at all, the 
power came from torso rotation and the top arm was nearly passive.  In fact, 
the top arm was hardly on top, they kept both arms about an inch off the 
cockpit throughout the stroke.  And they had really high seats.  Those guys 
won a lot of world championships.

As did the outstanding 500 meter guy from Poland named Stefan Kaplanak who 
told me the push was 75% of his power.  He was so strong he would break 
footbraces or snap the seat right off its mounting.

No one stroke style will ever be best for everyone.

Jim Tibensky
_________________________________________________________________
Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com

***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: Michael Daly <michaeldaly_at_home.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Thu, 10 May 2001 20:56:10 -0400
From: "James Tibensky" <jtibensky_at_msn.com>


> Now extend the top arm with the elbow locked straight so that it can only 
> give a little push downward. Then twist your upper body and pull with your 
> lower arm as in a normal stroke. Or do a normal stroke with as little help 
> from the top arm as possible.

I've dropped the push-pull from my stroke and use a relaxed, bent-elbow
arm position with just torso rotation.  I have completely eliminated elbow
soreness from my paddling.  I haven't slowed down significantly but enjoy
it all more.  Experiment with you stroke and ignore the racers!

Mike

***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: <FoldingBoats_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Thu, 10 May 2001 17:16:53 EDT
<< >I also learnt:-
>- Not to push the paddle forward with the top hand as it is wasteful of energy using movement to reduce the power of the stroke.

Alex Ferguson: Interesting, we have one racing/touring paddler of long years of experience advocating the push - emphasising it. I've noticed with new paddlers, getting them to add "push" and how their speed goes up as you talk to them (on the water).

Ralph Hoehn: Not to mention the long haul "cheat" of concentrating on the push (and torso rotation) when you run out of steam for the pull. I would not advocate such simplifications in teaching stroke technique, but try it on the water after a few hours and see whether it doesn't refresh your speed.

Best regards,
Ralph

Ralph C. Hoehn
Ralph_at_PouchBoats.com
www.PouchBoats.com

***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: Matt Broze <mkayaks_at_oz.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Fri, 11 May 2001 05:23:38 -0700
Harold wrote:
>>>>Just out of curiosity, what stick do you usually use?<<<<<

A big one, it allows me to speak softly.;-)
I usually paddle with a 220 Std. blade Lightning or a 220 Epic Wayfarer both
in lightweight graphite and left feathered to 75 degrees (I'm right handed).

Harold wrote:
>>>>Amen, Brother.  Though even ten years ago, I could pull my body apart
with a
220 Camano.  My body is built more for the 220 Little Dipper.  Anything
larger and I have to be careful or I'll strip my gears.<<<<

Is it so hard to be careful? I've always wondered why not just not yank so
hard at first if using a stiff shaft or other paddle that folks claim tears
them up.

Harold wrote:
>>>>I see traditional (straight) paddles as making more sense because in
coastal
kayaking the wind comes at you from all quarters.  The feathered paddle only
helps (to any large degree IMHO) when you are paddling into the wind.  In a
crosswind it is a liability and downwind no help.  So 2/3 of the time the
straight paddle wins.<<<<

Are you going to trying to say that the wind helps an unfeathered paddler
going down wind?
Let's look at that. The upper blade moves forward roughly 2.5 times the
speed of the kayak. Say the kayak is going 4 knots into a 10 knot wind. The
relative wind on the blades is thus 20 knots at the top of the stroke. The
same area on the kayak would be 14 knots. Because the force increases at the
square of the speed there is a little over twice the force on the
unfeathered paddle blade as an equal sized flat area on your body or boat.
Now turn around and go downwind. with the same energy expenditure you could
probably make 5 knots but for the sake of consistency I'll keep the speed at
4 knots downwind in a 10 knot wind. Blade speed 10 knots, wind speed 10
knots. Relative wind 0 knots, or no help at all. In reality the wind is
going to have to be over 12 knots for one to get the slightest help from the
unfeathered blades, and then because of the square of the speed thing the
force will be very small relative to the loss going into the wind. Because
you can't go as fast into a wind you will also spend a lot more time
paddling into the wind as going downwind to cover the same distance. Now
let's look at side winds. While it is true that the wind can get under the
blade if one takes too high a stroke in an extreme sidewinder I have had no
trouble learning not to expose my blade flat to the wind in these kind of
conditions. not since my earliest experiences in extreme wind (Friday the
13th Storm in Seattle--gusts reached 79 mph) have I had to let go of the
paddle with the upper hand to avoid a capsize. I'm careful not to expose the
blade flat to the wind in those conditions. But what would I do if the wind
caught my body too upright and started to knock me over. Probably I'd do a
reflex brace without thinking. With a feathered paddle the blade would end
up high at the end of the brace but edge on to the wind. If I was paddling
unfeathered my automatic reflexes just might get me in trouble. The big win
is in headwinds, minor advantage to unfeathered at best in strong tailwinds
and some arguable points either way in side winds.

Harold wrote:
>>>>An aside -- I found using feathered paddles in the wind easier when all
of
them were still 90* instead of the diluted angles of today.  The
70*-and-less
offsets make the upper blade climb and stall in a heavy wind and this adds a
lot of tension either trying to control the effect or ignore it.<<<<

This was my finding as well which is why I'm disturbed by the new 45 or 60
degree feather fad. 45 to 60 works better than any other feather in light
winds but they are hell in a real blow. Unfortunately most using them have
never had the experience to find this out before purchasing the paddle.

Harold wrote:
>>>>However, on a recent trip to Belize I trusted that the friend who was
providing me with equipment would have a suitable paddle and thus wound up
using 250 cm Camano for my spare and an approximate 100-110 cm Skinny Dipper
(the beloved old-style Werner Little Dipper) for my main paddle.  I liked
the
short length when paddling in winds, but had a devil of a time correcting
course without extending.  The problem is that you don't get much extension
out of Euro without shifting your hand to the end of the blade, and I find
that uncomfortable and perhaps inadvisable in rough conditions.<<<<

100 cm is not even 40", I'm sure you mean 200 to 210. The blade on my Std.
Lightning is 16" long, I think the blade on an old Little Dipper was the
same as the Camano which is over 20" long. That's 8 less inches of shaft to
move your hand around on, now add another 4 to 8 inches of shaft because my
paddle is a 220 and I find I have plenty of leverage for anything I want to
do without having to grip the blade to extend the paddle. This is one of the
reasons I like short blades. Easier clearance over the kayak while still
maintaining a lower gear ratio is another.

Harold wrote:
>>>>For me, smaller (narrower -- not necessarily smaller
area) is definitely vastly superior in the air, particularly in winds.  And
I
think that there must be a point where increases in size and/or length no
longer result in reduced slippage in the range of power generated by most of
us.  However, it just hasn't been my experience that this has caught up to
me
within the paddle size range I use.<<<<

Werner Paddles used to correctly (I believe) explain that their narrower
"Little Dipper" paddles had a longer edge and the turbulence around that
longer edge increased the drag (grip on the water) for more power. If this
is true the narrower paddle with the same blade area should be affected more
by the wind.
Later in the same brochure they said the Little Dipper slipped more in the
water so was easier on the joints. I don't think they can have it both ways,
it either grips better or it slips more, but not both at the same time. I've
tried using a 200cm river paddle but the stroke rate was just too fast
(during a fast cruising speed) to be comfortable and maintain coordination
when I was tired. Sort of like too low a gear on a bicycle.

I once tested the Skinny Dipper, Camano and San Juan paddles in 220 and 230
lengths over a short, closed course by paddling with one after the other at
what a perceived-constant rate of output.  My findings were that I took 10%
fewer strokes as I jumped from blade to blade, going from smallest to
largest, and also 10% fewer strokes going from the 220 to the 230 in each
blade type.  I did not notice the slight increase in stress on my body
during
any of the tests.<<<<<

What increase in stress would there be, you said you were maintaining a
perceived constant output.


Harold wrote:
>>>> However, when talking about differences of 10 cm or so (2-1/2 inches
per side) do you think this really matters that much for a touring kayak?  I
can see the critical nature of length in Rodeo and performance surfing, but
not so much in touring.  If you start comparing a 220 to the very long
250-ish paddles favored by some in the NW (is this still the trend?) then,
yes -- the difference is easy to feel.<<<<<

Wouldn't that be 2" per side, 10cm (/2.54) is about 4 inches not 5.



Bill Hansen wrote:
I know that some very good paddlers like to rotate their wrists, and/or
bend their elbows, during the stroke. I've been taught that one should aim
for an almost-straight elbow, with just a flick of elbow flexion as the
on-water side of the paddle comes out of the water. This "straight" elbow
paddling increases potential power and endurance, because one is using back
and abdominal muscles, which are much larger than anyone's arm muscles, and
this is true whether you're paddling "Greenland-style" or "Euro-style". If
we're citing well-know British paddling instructors, Nigel Foster of the
BCU makes this point repeatedly during his classes.

Nigel is no longer with the BCU.
 Early in my paddling life I read you should to straighten the upper arm
first but in discussing strokes with some Olympic Team members (pre wing)
when I was later racing, they told me that they have to work to try to keep
from straightening their upper arm too soon. They said it is much easier to
push out that arm than to draw the other back so they wanted to save that
boost for a time when the blade is pulling more straight back rather than
early in the stroke. However, if you're not real strong it might be better
to keep your arms straight and use torso rotation. A bent arm might never be
able to be straightened out during the torso rotation and might collapse
more (rather than straighten out) under the load of a hard stroke. In that
case you would be using the energy of your arm muscles up, just trying to
hold station, but wouldn't be gaining anything by it and would be better off
to straighten both arms to use them like a rope and a ramrod. Didn't someone
once say "Different strokes for different folks".

James Tibensky wrote:
>>>>>Regarding the push on the forward stroke -
Hold the paddle as if to make a forward stroke but put the blade into the
water about at your knee instead of your ankle.
Now push as fast and hard as you can with the top arm but do not move the
lower one at all.  Use the lower hand as a fulcrum but do not move it.
The boat creeps about ten inches forward.
Now extend the top arm with the elbow locked straight so that it can only
give a little push downward. Then twist your upper body and pull with your
lower arm as in a normal stroke. Or do a normal stroke with as little help
from the top arm as possible.
The boat will jump forward about a boat length. Or more!<<<<

This is why it is so much easier to push than to pull (and most would be
racers do it too early) you get less out of it.

Ellis wrote (among a lot of good stuff):
  >>>>>Paddle blade feather/bent wrist
    (over 70 degrees, requires bent wrist, regardless of technique)<<<<<

If you release your grip with both hands for a split second as you are
raising your "control hand" for the next stroke you will find that the
rotating moment you put on the paddle (from pivoting about the elbows) will
continue and spin the paddle into the position you want without ever bending
the wrists. I often demonstrate this by letting the paddle spin through
about 390 degrees before catching it in the paddling position for the next
stroke. If I can do that it isn't hard to spin the paddle the 30 degrees I
need to go from the 45 degrees naturally put on it during the stroke and the
somewhat near 75 degrees I need to get it to. Alternately, I can hold the
paddle very loosely as I start the stroke with the blade at the wrong angle
and the lower corner of the blade hitting the water first rotates the paddle
into position for me. This is one reason I like a very well balanced paddle
(that does not have a heavy side that wants to spin the paddle in your hands
due to gravity). I use a very loose grip unless the wind is really
screaming. With a well balanced and forgiving paddle I don't have to grip it
at all to paddle. To demonstrate this I can make a circle with my thumb and
forefinger touching tightly at the tips and paddle just fine with the paddle
rattling around in both the "A-okay" signs. You don't need to grip hard to
push and pull hard.

Mike wrote:
>>>>>It's too bad that John Winters isn't around these days, cause I'm sure
he'd have
some interesting comments on this.  I've spoken to him a couple of times
about
paddle design (last time exactly a year ago this coming weekend) and he's
pointed out that this notion that the blades "hardly slip" is a
misconception.<<<<

Yes we've been around this block before and I tried without success to find
John's comments on the subject in the old digests (what should I search for
that will not give me scores of other hits?)


Mike wrote further:
>>>>It's interesting that avid paddlers feel that the paddle blades don't
slip.  I've watched
many canoe and kayak paddle strokes trying to understand exactly what's
going on.
They slip a lot!  Paddle with part of the blade above water and watch how
far the
vortex travels from the blade while it's in the water (don't confuse it with
the persistence
of the vortex after the stroke is over).  That's paddle motion.  The problem
is that
you have a hard time separating the relative motions of the paddle compared
to
the kayak, you compared to the water and the paddle compared to the water.

All other things being equal, I'd not discount the significance of blade
size<<<<<

Yes, even a big blade moves some through the water (it sort of scoops out a
divot with the blade tip moving the most) but the harder the stroke the less
difference that blade area difference will make. My point is not that they
don't move but that there isn't much difference during a hard stroke as to
how much they move so the stroke rate is hardly affected (except the big
heavy blade will take longer to get into position for the next stroke). Also
the point where the paddle enters and exits the water will be just about the
same throughout the stroke. Paddle next to lily pads sometime and notice
that the point on the water's surface the shaft penetrates stays in the same
place relative to the lily pad. Now they tell me a properly used wing paddle
comes out of the water ahead of where it went in to it. That's even better
than a good grip on the water for a racer.


Matt Broze
http://www.marinerkayaks.com



***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: Charles Herriot <cherriot_at_controlex-corp.com>
subject: [Paddlewise] paddling through concrete
Date: Fri, 11 May 2001 12:59:48 -0400
I have read with amusement the various suppositions that paddles don't
"slip" through the water. From this I have ascertained that the people who
believe this are mistakenly paddling through concrete. I was also intrigued
by the invention of perpetual motion where a correspondent indicated that an
upward pull on a bicyle pedal with a 5 pound force will miraculously produce
a net driving force of 10 pounds.

In furtherance of this stimulating debate, I'll add a brief description of
my highly efficient paddle set-up. I use a chunk of cedar log. On one side
of the log, I apply an even coating of peanut butter and on the other, I
velcro a cat. I simply drop the log and it spontaneously begins to spin
furiously since everyone knows that dropped bread always falls peanut butter
side down, and cats always land on their feet. The propulsion obtained is
effortless.

On a more serious note, the paddle length and size is optimized for each
person according to how thier muscles work at peak efficiency. If someone
has poorly developed quick twitch muscles, short paddle length and small
blade size are beneficial. If they have muscle power to spare, larger blade
size will be more efficient.


***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: Nick Schade <schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] paddling through concrete
Date: Fri, 11 May 2001 14:51:56 -0400
Careful. I believe Dr Inverbon has a patent on the "hovercat", or a 
cat with buttered toast  strapped on its back. You don't want to be 
infringing on his patents.

At 12:59 PM -0400 5/11/01, Charles Herriot wrote:
>
>In furtherance of this stimulating debate, I'll add a brief description of
>my highly efficient paddle set-up. I use a chunk of cedar log. On one side
>of the log, I apply an even coating of peanut butter and on the other, I
>velcro a cat. I simply drop the log and it spontaneously begins to spin
>furiously since everyone knows that dropped bread always falls peanut butter
>side down, and cats always land on their feet. The propulsion obtained is
>effortless.
-- 
Nick Schade
Guillemot Kayaks
824 Thompson St
Glastonbury, CT 06033
(860) 659-8847

***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: Bob Volin <bobvolin_at_bestweb.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] paddling through concrete
Date: Fri, 11 May 2001 22:39:34 -0400
Inquiring minds want to know:
   1.  How long is the cat?
   2.  Chunky or smooth?

<snip>
> In furtherance of this stimulating debate, I'll add a brief description of
> my highly efficient paddle set-up. I use a chunk of cedar log. On one side
> of the log, I apply an even coating of peanut butter and on the other, I
> velcro a cat. I simply drop the log and it spontaneously begins to spin
> furiously since everyone knows that dropped bread always falls peanut
butter
> side down, and cats always land on their feet. The propulsion obtained is
> effortless.


***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: John Fereira <jaf30_at_cornell.edu>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Fri, 11 May 2001 13:29:59 -0400
At 05:23 AM 5/11/01 -0700, Matt Broze wrote:
>Harold wrote:
> >>>>Just out of curiosity, what stick do you usually use?<<<<<
>
>A big one, it allows me to speak softly.;-)
>I usually paddle with a 220 Std. blade Lightning

Awhile back the "which paddle are you using" question came up
and there were about 4 people (including myself) that were using
this one, however, I've got the "heavy" fiberglass version. I
had a chance to buy a carbon fiber version used from someone in
r.b.p.t. but I hesitated and someone else got it.  I wish I would
have bought it then.



***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************
From: <HTERVORT_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Forward paddling, paddle length and cocked wrists
Date: Mon, 14 May 2001 18:52:18 EDT
In a message dated 5/11/01 9:14:13 AM Pacific Daylight Time, mkayaks_at_oz.net 
writes:

>  Harold wrote:
>  >>>>Amen, Brother.  Though even ten years ago, I could pull my body apart
>  with a  220 Camano.  My body is built more for the 220 Little Dipper.  
Anything
>  larger and I have to be careful or I'll strip my gears.<<<<
MATT: 
>  Is it so hard to be careful? I've always wondered why not just not yank so
>  hard at first if using a stiff shaft or other paddle that folks claim 
tears them up.

Again, it's that gear thing.  I'll pull as hard as the blade size/slippage 
allows me to in the quest to get there quickly (sometimes I'm actually 
goal-oriented).  It's not a "yank" in the sense of being abrupt, just a 
smooth but intense application of power.  If the blade slips more, I get a 
little less drive and thus strain on my muscles and joints, but get quickly 
through the stroke and on to the next -- lighter but more rapid impulses of 
power that keep my momentum more constant and provide the same speed with 
less strain on the arms.  At least, that is my understanding and experience 
of the differences.

Matt:
>  Are you going to trying to say that the wind helps an unfeathered paddler
>  going down wind?  <Enlightened and persuasive argument snipped>

The differences are -- as you note, small and disputable, but please don't 
totally destroy my long-held biases on the strength of good reason, for gosh 
sakes! :^)
Actually, I still feel that the advantages of the feathered paddle (even at 
90*) is diminished by my predilection for keeping the paddle blade low (shaft 
angle at or below a 45* angle to the water surface).  The wind gradient is 
fairly high in the first few feet above the water, and the blade seems to be 
exposed to a lower wind speed than in a high-bladed power stroke.  But 
keeping a very low angle means you can't bend at the elbow to change blade 
angle, and low-hand control only works for me if I bend or raise the elbow.  
This means that wrist bend comes back into play at the low paddle angles and 
again results in wrist problems. 

Matt:  
>  Werner Paddles used to correctly (I believe) explain that their narrower
>  "Little Dipper" paddles had a longer edge and the turbulence around that
>  longer edge increased the drag (grip on the water) for more power. If this
>  is true the narrower paddle with the same blade area should be affected 
more
>  by the wind.

I once read an explanation by an engineer who championed this idea that it is 
the drag caused by the vortices that really generates our grip on the water, 
and it fit in with other explanations I'd read about sails and wings and 
things.  He said that if you compared two 100 square-inch blades -- one 
one-inch wide, the other 10 inches wide, the first would have 202 lineal 
inches of edge while the second 40 inches of edge, and the first would have a 
good deal more grip in the water.  But it was his contention that (for some 
reason I don't remember -- probably having to do with the fluid densities), 
that the aspect ration of the blade had the opposite effect in the wind -- 
the thinner blade would be pushed around less.  Anyone have a hard scientific 
explanation for this?


>  Later in the same brochure they said the Little Dipper slipped more in the
>  water so was easier on the joints. I don't think they can have it both 
ways,

Perhaps they were comparing to the same-length Camano?  The Camano has IIRC 
15% more blade area, while the LD has more edge length, but the center of 
force of the Camano would be further away from the fulcrum due to the 
wider/shorter blade configuration, so It seems reasonable that the Camano 
might have more drive for the overall length.  My own simple tests gave me 
10% fewer strokes over a set distance using the Camano vs the same-length LD. 
 But no -- you can't have it both ways unless comparing apples and oranges.  
Still, I seem to do better with a 230 "Skinny" Dipper (old-style LD) than 
with a 220 Camano for longer distances, even though my own testing says they 
are similar in power.  Also, I like the 230 "Skinny" Dipper much more than 
either the 220 or 230 new LD -- possibly because of less twisting moment on 
the blade.

Matt
>  I've tried using a 200cm river paddle but the stroke rate was just too fast
>  (during a fast cruising speed) to be comfortable and maintain coordination
>  when I was tired. Sort of like too low a gear on a bicycle.

You do need to get the correct gear.  However, just like in bicycling, you 
can train your muscles to operate at a higher, lower-stress rate than is 
currently comfortable for you.  It takes some work to learn, though. 
>  
>  I once tested the Skinny Dipper, Camano and San Juan paddles in 220 and 230
>  lengths over a short, closed course by paddling with one after the other at
>  what a perceived-constant rate of output.  My findings were that I took 10%
>  fewer strokes as I jumped from blade to blade, going from smallest to
>  largest, and also 10% fewer strokes going from the 220 to the 230 in each
>  blade type.  I did not notice the slight increase in stress on my body
>  during any of the tests.<<<<<

Matt:  
>  What increase in stress would there be, you said you were maintaining a
>  perceived constant output.

Sorry if I didn't make myself clear.  By "constant output" I was referring to 
heart/lung stress -- the amount of (perceived) work output my body was doing. 
 By "stress on my body" I was referring to the strain on my muscles and 
joints.  
I didn't detect the stress during those test, but during paddles exceeding a 
few miles, the stress on my arms becomes very evident when I maintain the 
same level of heart/lung stress.




***************************************************************************
PaddleWise Paddling Mailing List - Any opinions or suggestions expressed
here are solely those of the writer(s). You must assume the entire
responsibility for reliance upon them. All postings copyright the author.
Submissions:     PaddleWise_at_PaddleWise.net
Subscriptions:   PaddleWise-request_at_PaddleWise.net
Website:         http://www.paddlewise.net/
***************************************************************************

This archive was generated by hypermail 2.4.0 : Thu Aug 21 2025 - 16:33:22 PDT