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From: Michael Neverdosky <MichaelN_at_cycat.com>
subject: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 07:46:23 -0400
I can't say one paddle is better than another unless I also specify the
purpose.
The more highly refined the paddle, the more narrow the purpose.
Applying information from racing to recreational pastimes is of limited
usefullness at best, and may be flat wrong at worst.

Even making choices for one type of racing based on another type of racing
is a very bad idea. A downriver racer will not likely use the same
equipment
as slalom racer. An openwater distance racer will use equipment different 
than either of them.

It gets worse!
An example from NASCAR.
Racers in NASCAR (good ones, $$$$$) have different engines for qualifying 
and for racing. Without the special engine for qualifying, you chances of
making the field are slim, and you have NO chance of being in the front
of the pack at the start.
That qualifying engine would NEVER last for a race.
Which engine is better?
None of those engines would be usefull at all on the street.

The test in racing is winning.
To win you must go as fast as possible while still being able to finish
the race. Efficiency only enters the equation in the being able to finish
part. Again from NASCAR, if the car runs out of gas on the way to victory
circle, great. If you run out of gas on the backstreach of the last lap
then your efficiency was not good enough.

When a human is the source of power it adds another factor.
Can the human train to the point where she/he can sustain the 'less
efficient'
but faster setup for the duration and thereby win?

jhecht_at_capaccess.org wrote:

> Of course there are differences among paddles.  An Eskimo paddle may be
> better for long steady paddles (though I don't like them for that or any
> other purpose) whereas a wider euro paddle might be better for racing.  Of
> course time trials are hardly a recreational setting, but that's not the
> point.  Different paddles are better for different types of paddling.  And
> a high stroke and wing paddle may be faster, and therefore used by racers,
> but that doesn't mean it will allow the average non-racing paddler to
> cover his or her maximum distance in a day.  

--------------------------------------------

> Regarding the original point that the paddle doesn't move, just the boat
> does - I have no idea whether that's true, 

To put it simply, it is NOT TRUE.

Both the boat and the paddle move, but the boat moves a LOT more than the
paddle. How much more? I don't know, has anyone done detailed studies?

I would guess that the ratio of boat to paddle motion is at leats 10:1, 
maybe more, even much more. I just don't know.

I will offer $100 US to anyone who can prove that the paddle does not move 
throught the water during a forward stroke in a kayak or canoe.
The paddle MUST move some to generate any force. A very good paddle
doesn't
need to move much.

I will end with a very old quote about boats that also applies to paddles.

"A good boat is one that brings pleasure to her owner"

michael

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From: John Winters <735769_at_ican.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 07:52:49 -0400
Michael wrote;

-(SNIP)

>
>I will offer $100 US to anyone who can prove that the paddle does not move
>throught the water during a forward stroke in a kayak or canoe.


I will add another $100.

Cheers,
John Winters
Redwing Designs
Specialists in Human Powered Watercraft
http://home.ican.net/~735769/



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From: Nick Schade <schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 16:25:37 -0400
At 7:52 AM -0400 7/23/98, John Winters wrote:
>Michael wrote;
>
>-(SNIP)
>
>>
>>I will offer $100 US to anyone who can prove that the paddle does not move
>>throught the water during a forward stroke in a kayak or canoe.
>
>
>I will add another $100.
>

I'll throw in one picture of Mr. Franklin.



Nick Schade
Guillemot Kayaks
c/o Newfound Woodworks, 67 Danforth Brook Rd, Bristol, NH 03222
(603) 744-6872

Schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com
http://www.guillemot-kayaks.com/

>>>>"It's not just Art, It's a Craft!"<<<<


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From: Rich Kulawiec <rsk_at_gsp.org>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 08:22:14 -0400
On Thu, Jul 23, 1998 at 07:46:23AM -0400, Michael Neverdosky wrote:
> Applying information from racing to recreational pastimes is of limited
> usefullness at best, and may be flat wrong at worst.

I strongly disagree.  Many of the innovations in boating have come
from racing: in particular, the duffek stroke, squirt boating, and
the sweeping changes in PFD design over the past couple of years all
came from slalom racing.

Those are completely obvious -- but there's also a more subtle transfer
of technique going on.  I do a fair amount of river paddling in addition
to racing, and one of the things I've noticed over the years is that it's
pretty easy to tell who the racers are while on a trip.  They're the ones
who can put their boats anywhere they want to -- catch any eddy, surf
across any wave, and so on.  They're also the ones with energy left
over at the end of the day.  Most of that is due to their use of correct
techniques which maximize their paddling efficiency and boat control.
Recreational paddlers who learn those techniques are often amazed
at the difference that it makes -- I know, I teach them.

> The test in racing is winning.  To win you must go as fast as possible
> while still being able to finish the race. Efficiency only enters
> the equation in the being able to finish part. 

Not true.  Efficiency is necessary in racing in order to go
fast *and* conserve energy for critical moves.  (In downriver, that
might mean "running the big drop"; in slalom, that might mean "avoiding
hitting the gates in the hole".)  Nearly *everyone* can finish -- so
that's not much of a factor at all.

---Rsk
Rich Kulawiec
rsk_at_gsp.org
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From: <JCMARTIN43_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 09:21:15 EDT
In a message dated 98-07-23 08:23:59 EDT,  John Winteres <735769_at_ican.net>
writes:

<< 
 Michael wrote;
 
 -(SNIP)
 
 >
 >I will offer $100 US to anyone who can prove that the paddle does not move
 >throught the water during a forward stroke in a kayak or canoe.
 
 
 I will add another $100. >>

<Now> this is getting interesting!

Does the demonstrator get to specify the water?  Fresh, salt, sewer, very
thick?  The depth?  Like three inches?

Joq
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From: Rich Kulawiec <rsk_at_gsp.org>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 10:11:54 -0400
On Thu, Jul 23, 1998 at 09:21:15AM -0400, JCMARTIN43_at_aol.com wrote:
> In a message dated 98-07-23 08:23:59 EDT,  John Winteres <735769_at_ican.net>
> writes:
> 
>  >
>  >I will offer $100 US to anyone who can prove that the paddle does not move
>  >throught the water during a forward stroke in a kayak or canoe.
>  
>  
>  I will add another $100. >>

I will be happy to take this bet, provided the phrase "forward stroke" is
changed to "correctly performed forward stroke", since of course it's
possible (however undesirable) to take a poor stroke and move the paddle.

Please purchase a copy of "The Kayaker's Edge" video available any number
of places, including directly from Performance Video, 550 Riverbend Road,
Durango, Colorado 81301, 888-259-5805 24-hour order line, 970-259-1361
voice line, 970-259-4148 fax line.  There is a demonstration of
this -- using stationary buoys -- about halfway through the tape.

You may deduct the cost of the video from my $100 reward.

---Rsk
Rich Kulawiec
rsk_at_gsp.org
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From: Larry Snow <larry.snow_at_deltec.com>
subject: RE: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 09:42:21 -0500
How about Minnesota "Wintertime Water"?  I'll take the $100 bet that IT
won't move.

Larry Snow

>----------
>From: 	JCMARTIN43_at_aol.com[SMTP:JCMARTIN43_at_aol.com]
>Sent: 	Thursday, July 23, 1998 8:21 AM
>To: 	PaddleWise_at_lists.intelenet.net
>Subject: 	Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused
>Aussie :-)
>
>In a message dated 98-07-23 08:23:59 EDT,  John Winteres <735769_at_ican.net>
>writes:
>
><< 
> Michael wrote;
> 
> -(SNIP)
> 
> >
> >I will offer $100 US to anyone who can prove that the paddle does not move
> >throught the water during a forward stroke in a kayak or canoe.
> 
> 
> I will add another $100. >>
>
><Now> this is getting interesting!
>
>Does the demonstrator get to specify the water?  Fresh, salt, sewer, very
>thick?  The depth?  Like three inches?
>
>Joq
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>
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From: Niels Henriksen <ap294_at_freenet.carleton.ca>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 11:43:32 -0400 (EDT)
Well there could be a case were it dosn't move through water during a forward stroke
especially if the blade were frozen in ice.   :-)
 >
>In a message dated 98-07-23 08:23:59 EDT,  John Winteres <735769_at_ican.net>
>writes:
> Michael wrote;
> -(SNIP)
> >I will offer $100 US to anyone who can prove that the paddle does not move
> >throught the water during a forward stroke in a kayak or canoe.
> I will add another $100. >>
>
><Now> this is getting interesting!
>
>Does the demonstrator get to specify the water?  Fresh, salt, sewer, very
>thick?  The depth?  Like three inches?
>
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From: Nick Schade <schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 16:45:30 -0400
At 11:43 AM -0400 7/23/98, Niels Henriksen wrote:
>Well there could be a case were it dosn't move through water during a
>forward stroke
>especially if the blade were frozen in ice.   :-)

Don't be so sure. Even ice would flex when power is applied. The only way
it would not move is if there was no force. It would take delicate
instruments to detect the motion, but it would move. It is physically
impossible for it to do otherwise. Even if the ice was perfectly stiff, it
would just transfer the motion to the earth. Luckily for the people putting
up the money, water is not very stiff, so the force applied moves the water
no matter how good your stroke is. Actually failure to move any water would
indicate an exceedingly poor technique. This technique is best represented
by the "air brace".



Nick Schade
Guillemot Kayaks
c/o Newfound Woodworks, 67 Danforth Brook Rd, Bristol, NH 03222
(603) 744-6872

Schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com
http://www.guillemot-kayaks.com/

>>>>"It's not just Art, It's a Craft!"<<<<


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From: Mark Zen <canoeist_at_netbox.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 10:20:37 -0600
At 10:11 7/23/98 -0400, Rich Kulawiec <rsk_at_gsp.org> wrote:
>  
>
>On Thu, Jul 23, 1998 at 09:21:15AM -0400, JCMARTIN43_at_aol.com wrote:
>> In a message dated 98-07-23 08:23:59 EDT,  John Winteres <735769_at_ican.net>
>> writes:
>> 
>>  >
>>  >I will offer $100 US to anyone who can prove that the paddle does not move
>>  >throught the water during a forward stroke in a kayak or canoe.
>>  
>>  
>>  I will add another $100. >>
>
>I will be happy to take this bet, provided the phrase "forward stroke" is
>changed to "correctly performed forward stroke", since of course it's
>possible (however undesirable) to take a poor stroke and move the paddle.
>
>Please purchase a copy of "The Kayaker's Edge" video available any number
>of places, including directly from Performance Video, 550 Riverbend Road,
>Durango, Colorado 81301, 888-259-5805 24-hour order line, 970-259-1361
>voice line, 970-259-4148 fax line.  There is a demonstration of
>this -- using stationary buoys -- about halfway through the tape.
>
>You may deduct the cost of the video from my $100 reward.
>
>---Rsk
>Rich Kulawiec
>rsk_at_gsp.org
>***********************

kent ford's video "solo playboating" shows the same thing for canoes.
since there were 2 offers of $100, and rich is only claiming one,
i'll take the other half. video available from the same source rich listed...

thanks ;-)

mark


#------canoeist[at]netbox[dot]com--------------------------------------
mark zen                      o,    o__              o_/|   o_.
po box 474                   </     [\/              [\_|   [\_\
ft. lupton, co 80621-0474 (`-/-------/----')      (`----|-------\-')
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_at_~~~~~~~_at_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_at_~~~~~~~~_at_~~~~~
http://www.diac.com/~zen/paddler  [index of Paddling websites I manage]
Rocky Mtn Sea Kayak Club, Colorado River Flows, Poudre Paddlers
The Colorado Paddlers' Resource, Rocky Mtn Canoe Club Trip Page 
#-Fortune:
"I do not remember when is the last time I forgot something"
	-- Myles Johnson

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From: Nick Schade <schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 16:51:04 -0400
At 10:20 AM -0600 7/23/98, Mark Zen wrote:
>At 10:11 7/23/98 -0400, Rich Kulawiec <rsk_at_gsp.org> wrote:
>>Please purchase a copy of "The Kayaker's Edge" video available any number
>>of places, including directly from Performance Video, 550 Riverbend Road,
>>Durango, Colorado 81301, 888-259-5805 24-hour order line, 970-259-1361
>>voice line, 970-259-4148 fax line.  There is a demonstration of
>>this -- using stationary buoys -- about halfway through the tape.
>>
>>You may deduct the cost of the video from my $100 reward.
>>
>>---Rsk
>>Rich Kulawiec
>>rsk_at_gsp.org
>>***********************
>
>kent ford's video "solo playboating" shows the same thing for canoes.
>since there were 2 offers of $100, and rich is only claiming one,
>i'll take the other half. video available from the same source rich listed...
>


Take your mind back to your physics class when you were in high school or
college and think about this.



Nick Schade
Guillemot Kayaks
c/o Newfound Woodworks, 67 Danforth Brook Rd, Bristol, NH 03222
(603) 744-6872

Schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com
http://www.guillemot-kayaks.com/

>>>>"It's not just Art, It's a Craft!"<<<<


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From: Steve Cramer <cramer_at_coe.uga.edu>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 17:10:55 -0400
Nick Schade wrote:
> 
> >>There is a demonstration of
> >>this -- using stationary buoys -- about halfway through the tape.
> >>
> >>You may deduct the cost of the video from my $100 reward.
> >>
> 
> Take your mind back to your physics class when you were in high school or
> college and think about this.

Take your eyes to your TV and look at what they're doing. It certainly
looks like the paddle is staying put--OK, maybe it moves a
centimeter--and the boat is moving. But unless the bouy is also moving
through the water, the paddle is pretty well fixed.

Steve
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From: Nick Schade <schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com>
subject: [Paddlewise] 1 cm of motion is motion
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 17:32:18 -0400
At 5:10 PM -0400 7/23/98, Steve Cramer wrote:
>Nick Schade wrote:
>>
>> >>There is a demonstration of
>> >>this -- using stationary buoys -- about halfway through the tape.
>> >>
>> >>You may deduct the cost of the video from my $100 reward.
>> >>
>>
>> Take your mind back to your physics class when you were in high school or
>> college and think about this.
>
>Take your eyes to your TV and look at what they're doing. It certainly
>looks like the paddle is staying put--OK, maybe it moves a
>centimeter--and the boat is moving. But unless the bouy is also moving
>through the water, the paddle is pretty well fixed.
>
>Steve

A centimeter. So it is moving. Nobody says it has to move alot. We are just
overcoming a little drag, not trying to accelerate, so we don't expect 3
feet. I expect with a really efficient boat and very good technique, 1
millimeter or less would be all to expect. The bet was, would the paddle
move through the water, and the answer according to you is "yes, about 1
cm".

 I think the original idea that "...it is very much like having a long
series of posts set in concrete under the water" was probably not meant
literally by the coach. It is a visualization technique. Once you are up to
speed, the amount of motion in the water is small so "very much like..." is
pretty accurate. And if it helps you paddle better, go ahead and take it
literally.



Nick Schade
Guillemot Kayaks
c/o Newfound Woodworks, 67 Danforth Brook Rd, Bristol, NH 03222
(603) 744-6872

Schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com
http://www.guillemot-kayaks.com/

>>>>"It's not just Art, It's a Craft!"<<<<


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From: Steve Cramer <cramer_at_coe.uga.edu>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] 1 cm of motion is motion
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 17:25:14 -0400
Nick Schade wrote:
> 
>  I think the original idea that "...it is very much like having a long
> series of posts set in concrete under the water" was probably not meant
> literally by the coach. It is a visualization technique. Once you are up to
> speed, the amount of motion in the water is small so "very much like..." is
> pretty accurate. And if it helps you paddle better, go ahead and take it
> literally.
> 
Having instructed several dozens of paddlers in all sorts of craft (not
that I have more instructional experience than a lot of people here), I
can tell you that as an instructional statement, the above is very
useful. Perhaps not as graphic as Richard Culpeper's "******* the
paddle" (Actually, I think I'd say "******* the water" so as to keep the
power in line. Actually, I do use the phrase "hip thrust" a lot.). 

Also, I spent a weekend recently with a paddler who persisted in pulling
the paddle through the water. This doesn't accomplish much, of course,
and I felt lucky to get him down the river.

Does anyone besides me and RSK talk about the "Catch" phase of the
paddle stroke?

Steve
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From: Rich Kulawiec <rsk_at_gsp.org>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1998 20:32:12 -0400
On Thu, Jul 23, 1998 at 04:51:04PM -0400, Nick Schade wrote:
> Take your mind back to your physics class when you were in high school or
> college and think about this.

I'll be happy to.  I went to a lot of physics classes, since I majored
in it.  (Caveat: electromagnetism and quantum mechanics were my
strong suit, not fluid dynamics. ;-) )

---Rsk
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From: Nick Schade <schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 17:28:49 -0400
At 8:32 PM -0400 7/23/98, Rich Kulawiec wrote:
>On Thu, Jul 23, 1998 at 04:51:04PM -0400, Nick Schade wrote:
>> Take your mind back to your physics class when you were in high school or
>> college and think about this.
>
>I'll be happy to.  I went to a lot of physics classes, since I majored
>in it.  (Caveat: electromagnetism and quantum mechanics were my
>strong suit, not fluid dynamics. ;-) )
>

Ok, explain how you move the boat without moving the water. My explanation
of why you can't I learned in high school. It has nothing to do with fluid
dynamics, it is simple Newtonian physics -> F=ma. F is the force applied to
the water, m is the mass of the water, a is the acceleration of the water.
If the water does not accelerate F=0 and you are not really paddling. That
is really all you need to know.

If you prefer an electromagnetic example: Imagine the water is coil of wire
(a solenoid) and your paddle is a magnet. If you push your magnet into the
coil, the only way you will produce a force is if you create a current in
the coil. If the coil is an open circuit, no current will be produce and no
force will push back on your paddle/magnet. If you add the correct load
your magnet will produce a current in the coil which will create an equal
and opposite magnetic field striving to support your paddle. This only
works as long as your paddle/magnet moves.



Nick Schade
Guillemot Kayaks
c/o Newfound Woodworks, 67 Danforth Brook Rd, Bristol, NH 03222
(603) 744-6872

Schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com
http://www.guillemot-kayaks.com/

>>>>"It's not just Art, It's a Craft!"<<<<


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From: John Winters <735769_at_ican.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 07:51:00 -0400
Rich wrote;

>I will be happy to take this bet, provided the phrase "forward stroke" is
>changed to "correctly performed forward stroke", since of course it's
>possible (however undesirable) to take a poor stroke and move the paddle.
>
>Please purchase a copy of "The Kayaker's Edge" video available any number
>of places, including directly from Performance Video, 550 Riverbend Road,
>Durango, Colorado 81301, 888-259-5805 24-hour order line, 970-259-1361
>voice line, 970-259-4148 fax line.  There is a demonstration of
>this -- using stationary buoys -- about halfway through the tape.
>
>You may deduct the cost of the video from my $100 reward.

The video is proof of nothing. First the movement of the paddle in the
water is not revealed since there is insufficient close up to show if there
are eddies around the paddle. Also, if I recall the video correctly, (I
think I saw it at a canoe show some time back) there is no way of knowing
what the flow is from the shots. Hence the flow could be around the paddle
and not revealed by the relative motion of the boat to background objects.

Sorry Rich, you don't get off so lightly. To prove your point you must
actually prove it. Mind, if you do prove it I will be first to nominate you
for a Nobel Prize in Physics since you will have overturned one of the
basic principles of physics that a fluid will not support sheer forces.

It will be worth the $100.

You can help us in proving it for you if you will tell us what constitutes
a perfect stroke. Then, I can prove it for you in my tank. IT will be loads
of fun.


Cheers,
John Winters
Redwing Designs
Specialists in Human Powered Watercraft
http://home.ican.net/~735769/




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From: Rich Kulawiec <rsk_at_gsp.org>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 11:58:47 -0400
On Fri, Jul 24, 1998 at 07:51:00AM -0400, John Winters wrote:
> The video is proof of nothing. First the movement of the paddle in the
> water is not revealed since there is insufficient close up to show if there
> are eddies around the paddle.

What difference would that make?  The stipulation was that the paddle did
not move, NOT that it didn't create eddies.

> Also, if I recall the video correctly, (I
> think I saw it at a canoe show some time back) there is no way of knowing
> what the flow is from the shots. Hence the flow could be around the paddle
> and not revealed by the relative motion of the boat to background objects.

I'm not sure what you mean by this; do you mean the flow of the current?
(I'm pretty sure this bit of video was shot on a lake.)

---Rsk
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From: Nick Schade <schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 17:15:09 -0400
At 11:58 AM -0400 7/24/98, Rich Kulawiec wrote:
>On Fri, Jul 24, 1998 at 07:51:00AM -0400, John Winters wrote:
>> The video is proof of nothing. First the movement of the paddle in the
>> water is not revealed since there is insufficient close up to show if there
>> are eddies around the paddle.
>
>What difference would that make?  The stipulation was that the paddle did
>not move, NOT that it didn't create eddies.

How did the eddies get there unless... the paddle... moved. Those little
eddies are the reaction for the action of moving your boat forward.



Nick Schade
Guillemot Kayaks
c/o Newfound Woodworks, 67 Danforth Brook Rd, Bristol, NH 03222
(603) 744-6872

Schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com
http://www.guillemot-kayaks.com/

>>>>"It's not just Art, It's a Craft!"<<<<


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From: Saul Kinderis <saul_at_isomedia.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 06:31:50 -0700
As Dan Hagen noted, it must be fun to argue about the little stuff that
doesn't matter much - or something to that effect.

All of this assumes a match between the paddle and the particular boat. 

If the boat has very little resistance to movement the paddle probably
doesn't move much.

If the boat has a lot more resistance than the paddle can move effeciently
(i.e. paddling a supertanker, or a floating dock), then it will move
significantly. - This would also be similar to the results you would get by
paddling with a small round stick, no matter what your technique.

Gotta go paddle 

-Have fun - Saul






At 07:51 AM 7/24/98 -0400, John Winters wrote:
>Rich wrote;
>
>>I will be happy to take this bet, provided the phrase "forward stroke" is
>>changed to "correctly performed forward stroke", since of course it's
>>possible (however undesirable) to take a poor stroke and move the paddle.
>>
>>Please purchase a copy of "The Kayaker's Edge" video available any number
>>of places, including directly from Performance Video, 550 Riverbend Road,
>>Durango, Colorado 81301, 888-259-5805 24-hour order line, 970-259-1361
>>voice line, 970-259-4148 fax line.  There is a demonstration of
>>this -- using stationary buoys -- about halfway through the tape.
>>
>>You may deduct the cost of the video from my $100 reward.
>
>The video is proof of nothing. First the movement of the paddle in the
>water is not revealed since there is insufficient close up to show if there
>are eddies around the paddle. Also, if I recall the video correctly, (I
>think I saw it at a canoe show some time back) there is no way of knowing
>what the flow is from the shots. Hence the flow could be around the paddle
>and not revealed by the relative motion of the boat to background objects.
>
>Sorry Rich, you don't get off so lightly. To prove your point you must
>actually prove it. Mind, if you do prove it I will be first to nominate you
>for a Nobel Prize in Physics since you will have overturned one of the
>basic principles of physics that a fluid will not support sheer forces.
>
>It will be worth the $100.
>
>You can help us in proving it for you if you will tell us what constitutes
>a perfect stroke. Then, I can prove it for you in my tank. IT will be loads
>of fun.
>
>
>Cheers,
>John Winters
>Redwing Designs
>Specialists in Human Powered Watercraft
>http://home.ican.net/~735769/
>
>
>
>
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>
Saul Kinderis     saul_at_isomedia.com          tel:(425)402-3426

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From: John Winters <735769_at_ican.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 12:01:49 -0400
Rich wrote;

>I will be happy to take this bet, provided the phrase "forward stroke" is
>changed to "correctly performed forward stroke", since of course it's
>possible (however undesirable) to take a poor stroke and move the paddle.

I don't think it matters what kind of stroke. Any stroke you choose that
develops forward thrust should do. To keep things simple it would be best
to perform your tests and proofs in deep water so there is no influence
from the bottom and in clean non moving water at 59 degrees F so it will be
easy to see that it is the paddle alone that is causing the observed
phenomenon and that raw sewage or ice are not influencing the results.  All
that is needed for proof is to do the demonstration before impartial
observers and the only evidence they need is that the boat was propelled
forward but there was no turbulence around the blade to indicate motion.
You might want to film it and be sure you can repeat the experiment so we
can present it properly to the Nobel Prize people. ;-)

Quite simple really.

I suggest one attempt it first before accepting any wagers. :-)


This discussion is in danger of becoming overheated.

I recall Rich's statement was that the paddle does not move. I don't think
he said that it only moved a little.  Correct me if I am wrong. The
statement as I recall it is inconsistent with the physics of fluids that I
understand (and, of course, I could be wrong and often am)  For example.

fluid (fl”“īd) noun
Abbr. fl, fl.
A continuous, amorphous substance whose molecules move freely past one
another and that has the tendency to assume the shape of its container; a
liquid or gas.
Excerpted from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language,
Third Edition  © 1996 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Electronic version
licensed from INSO Corporation; further reproduction and distribution in
accordance with the Copyright Law of the United States. All rights
reserved.

This may not seem enlightening but I think it is. A fluid flows from an
area of high pressure into an area of low pressure seeking equilibrium.
When you apply pressure to the paddle blade there is a pressure
differential between the front and back face. On one side it is higher than
on the other side and the water wants to flow from the high pressure side
to the low pressure side. This pressure differential  can only occur if
there is motion. A stationary paddle has no pressure differential.

Three is a simple experiment to do at home.  Fill your bathtub with water
and then try to move your paddle through the water. Even if you apply only
the smallest amount of force you will see that it moves and that the water
flows around the edges of the paddle. No matter how you angle or twist the
paddle you will find you cannot apply force without motion.

When you are in a boat the force developed propels the boat. The speed of
the boat depends upon the drag of the boat and the force direction of the
exerted by the paddle.  Now, people often assume that, because the motion
of the paddle is small there is no motion mostly because it isn't really
obvious.

Why isn't there a lot of motion? The reason is that the force developed is
a function of
velocity, area, drag coefficient and fluid viscosity. We can ignore
viscosity and deal only with the first three. The simplified equation is
force = Cd * A * V^2.

The important thing is the v^2. Twice the velocity produces four times the
force. So, a fast hard pull on the paddle produces an enormous increase in
power generated even though the duration and hence the distance travelled
may be small. Note that there is nothing in the formula for distance
travelled. Notice also that if velocity equals zero there is no force at
all. Of course, if the drag coefficient and area are low then there may be
considerable motion involved in achieving the same force.

I suspect that Rich has observed (like so many people) no visible movement
and concluded that there was no movement. I think this is an easy mistake
to make particularly in moving water when it isn't always clear what is
moving and when.

It was expressed (by someone can't recall who) that it was a wonder that
narrow paddles create force at all. Not so. Anything moving through the
water creates a drag force and sometimes a lift force. Whether the force is
a positive or negative thing depends upon your objective, The drag of the
boat is negative and the drag of the paddle is (much of the time) positive.
I have personal experience paddling a canoe with a pole and anyone who has
watched Harry Rock do it will  be amazed at the speed he achieves. No magic
just velocity and drag at work.

Can an infinite number of monkeys using an infinite number of pencils
paddle a boat at an infinite speed? :-)

At times we argue at cross purposes. For example, many people assume that
all modern paddles are flat plates with no airfoil. Such is not nor need
not be the case. It is often done as a flat plate for the economies of
production (also sometimes they seem to work pretty well).  Many home made
low aspect ratio blades are foils and some of them quite good foils. It may
be true that some modern blades do not perform in certain ways as well as
most high aspect ratio blades but there is the difference between "some"
and "all". To me it seems this is the crux of a lot of this debate - the
comparison of some Greenland paddles with some modern paddles and drawing
conclusions for all from a comparison of some.


Steve writes.
>Take your eyes to your TV and look at what they're doing. It certainly
>looks like the paddle is staying put--OK, maybe it moves a
>centimeter--and the boat is moving. But unless the bouy is also moving
>through the water, the paddle is pretty well fixed.


In this Steve is quite right. It doesn't look like they move a lot nor do
they move a lot but they don't have too. Movement is movement and the
movement is essential to developing thrust.  Do you recall watching the old
western movies and the wheels of the stage coach looked like the were
standing still? Certainly looked like they didn't move. Not a fair analogy
in this case but one must be careful with what we see. The issue here is
not how much the paddle moves but does it move. Rich was quite clear about
this.

I think that if one thinks a bit about what a fluid is one can see that,
since a fluid cannot support sheer forces the paddle has to move even at
very small forces. Do not confuse the terms "support" and "resist". The
internal forces in the fluid resist sheer (van der Waals forces?) but that
is not the same as "support". Granted Rich's field is quantum mechanics and
that may be the problem. Perhaps he has confused water with Shrodinger's
cat or is it Heisenberg's Uncertainty.  :-)  Obviously quantum physics
isn't my field :-)))) Just joking here folks. Don't get shorts in a knot.

Kevin wrote;
>One is that 'efficiency' needs to be broken down into absolute
>power output from the paddle, versus the ratio of paddler power input over
>paddle power output, where the latter is my definition of paddle
>efficiency. The former is of interest to flatwater sprint kayakers where
>speed is all that matters, the latter is of interest to recreational and
>marathon sea kayakers where stamina and efficiency over long distances
are
>key.

This doesn't appear valid. Why wouldn't racers be interested in getting
more efficiency? Granted they want it at higher outputs but they want as
much out of what they put in as they can get, No?  Why would they want or
not care if they got less?

>Technically speaking, even a flat plane is an airfoil, as is a cylinder or
>sphere. However the angle of attack window which does not produce
>turbulence is much much smaller for a flat plane than for a foil shaped
>paddle. A greenland paddle makes it much easier to maintain laminar flow
>and therefore maximum lift during the entire stroke. I don't know how easy
>this is with a flat blade, or whether it is practically possible.

Does not this return to my original comment that there was no reason that a
low aspect ratio blade (I am getting tired of typing that so will use LAR
from now on) can't work the same way. In other words is this not an
question not of whether the paddle is HAR or LAR blade but whether or not
it has a functional airfoil shape? .

>The greenland paddle is a wing, period. However some of the strokes used
>have a different form than modern racing wing technique, and therefore the
>lift and drag vectors may be different.

This seems to be the case but is the any reason that anyone can think of
why all LAR paddles are either flat plates or wings? Why not a nice
symmetrical foil? Sort of like my balsa wood paddle.

>There is enough lift generated to make the paddle leave the water
>technically farther ahead of the point that it was planted. There have
>been video studies that proven this, I have heard from racing friends.
>Greenland paddles can be used in the modern style of wing paddles... I
>call it the "racing" stroke. I use it to accelerate to catch waves.

Are you sure of this (first portion not using Greenland paddle like a wing
portion). As the paddle is withdrawn from the water toward the end of the
stroke isn't its forward velocity now closer to the boat velocity and so it
may be drawn past the insertion point rather than having lifted past the
insertion point. Maybe it is a combination of lift and the boat velocity
but I would question that it is the lift alone that causes the observed
phenomenon. Interestingly enough Taylor shows that phenomenon happening
with paddle wheel floats  where the floats are flat plates. Even with my
flat blade paddles I get the same result at certain speeds and paddle
immersions.

Trying to recall an earlier discussion on this phenomenon that probably
took place on WaveLength.

Cheers,
John Winters
Redwing Designs
Specialists in Human Powered Watercraft
http://home.ican.net/~735769/







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From: Steve Cramer <cramer_at_coe.uga.edu>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 12:56:52 -0400
John Winters wrote:
> 
 
> Steve writes.
> >Take your eyes to your TV and look at what they're doing. It certainly
> >looks like the paddle is staying put--OK, maybe it moves a
> >centimeter--and the boat is moving. But unless the bouy is also moving
> >through the water, the paddle is pretty well fixed.
> 
> In this Steve is quite right. It doesn't look like they move a lot nor do
> they move a lot but they don't have too. Movement is movement and the
> movement is essential to developing thrust.  

Another thought experiment: kneel on a skateboard next to a parking
meter. Rotate forward as you would for a forward stroke. Grasp the post
of the PM and return to a neutral position. Did perceive your board
move? Did you perceive the parking meter move? I believe Nick would
observe that the earth moved a little bit (Did it move for you?...well,
never mind), but I think this amount of movement can safely be ignored.

The amount of movement in paddling is greater than that, but still
amounts to a very small distance. 

> The issue here is
> not how much the paddle moves but does it move. Rich was quite clear about
> this.

Of course, if you really are interested in the number of angels who can
dance on the blade of a Greenland paddle, have at it. I agree that this
thread started generating more heat than light many posts ago.

Steve
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From: Nick Schade <schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com>
subject: [Paddlewise] Water is more fun than concrete
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 18:16:11 -0400
At 12:56 PM -0400 7/24/98, Steve Cramer wrote:
>John Winters wrote:
>>
>
>> Steve writes.
>> >Take your eyes to your TV and look at what they're doing. It certainly
>> >looks like the paddle is staying put--OK, maybe it moves a
>> >centimeter--and the boat is moving. But unless the bouy is also moving
>> >through the water, the paddle is pretty well fixed.
>>
>> In this Steve is quite right. It doesn't look like they move a lot nor do
>> they move a lot but they don't have too. Movement is movement and the
>> movement is essential to developing thrust.
>
>Another thought experiment: kneel on a skateboard next to a parking
>meter. Rotate forward as you would for a forward stroke. Grasp the post
>of the PM and return to a neutral position. Did perceive your board
>move? Did you perceive the parking meter move? I believe Nick would
>observe that the earth moved a little bit (Did it move for you?...well,
>never mind), but I think this amount of movement can safely be ignored.

Actually, the parking meter will bend. Something else will always give
before you move the earth, in this case it is the parking meter and when
paddling it is the water. But you are correct, for most purposes you can
call the earth immovable. For paddling purposes you can consider the water
to be concrete if it helps you understand your paddling technique. I expect
you will learn more from thinking of water as water. Much of the fun of
paddling is due to the fact that water does move when you push on it. I
know I'm glad water is not like concrete. Think about it, right next to
your paddle (which acts almost like it is in concrete), your kayak is
sliding along almost as if were a skate on ice. These two distinctly
different reactions are happening in the same medium not more than 6" from
each other, and the frontal area of the paddle and the kayak are not all
that different. The difference is in shape and the way the forces are
applied to the water. Pretty cool.



Nick Schade
Guillemot Kayaks
c/o Newfound Woodworks, 67 Danforth Brook Rd, Bristol, NH 03222
(603) 744-6872

Schade_at_guillemot-kayaks.com
http://www.guillemot-kayaks.com/

>>>>"It's not just Art, It's a Craft!"<<<<


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From: Dan Hagen <dan_at_hagen.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 13:39:29 -0500
John Winters wrote:

> Can an infinite number of monkeys using an infinite number of pencils
> paddle a boat at an infinite speed?  :-)

No, because the mass of the boat is not constant, but rather increases
with the speed of the boat (even ignoring the mass of the additional
monkeys and pencils).  I would guess that such a large number of monkeys
would achieve a speed somewhat below 186,282 miles per second.  At that
point, it should be noted, they would be planing, unless the boat in
question is *very* long.   Please refer all other questions regarding
relativity to Dr. Iverbon (who knows even less about these things than I
do).

Regarding the eddies that form behind the paddle blade, my answer to
your question is that the eddies are indeed formed by the pressure
differential created by the movement of the paddle blade.  Do I win a
prize?  (I want something useful--I already have more degrees than Dr.
Iverbon.)

Dan Hagen

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From: John Winters <735769_at_ican.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1998 12:18:24 -0400
Rich wrote;

-

>On Fri, Jul 24, 1998 at 07:51:00AM -0400, John Winters wrote:
>> The video is proof of nothing. First the movement of the paddle in the
>> water is not revealed since there is insufficient close up to show if
there
>> are eddies around the paddle.
>
>What difference would that make?  The stipulation was that the paddle did
>not move, NOT that it didn't create eddies.

Rich, I asked earlier what caused the eddies. Maybe if you could answer
that you could see the connection.

>> Also, if I recall the video correctly, (I
>> think I saw it at a canoe show some time back) there is no way of
knowing
>> what the flow is from the shots. Hence the flow could be around the
paddle
>> and not revealed by the relative motion of the boat to background
objects.
>
>I'm not sure what you mean by this; do you mean the flow of the current?
>(I'm pretty sure this bit of video was shot on a lake.)

The video you are talking about may not be the same video I saw which is
why I prefaced my comment with "if I recall the video correctly".

My apologies to you if I did  not state that clearly enough.

If it is not then is the video  sufficient to show that no eddies were
caused by the paddle?

I recognise that fluid dynamics is not your field.

Cheers,
John Winters
Redwing Designs
Specialists in Human Powered Watercraft
http://home.ican.net/~735769/

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From: John Winters <735769_at_ican.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Sat, 25 Jul 1998 08:10:03 -0400
Dan wrote;

>
>Regarding the eddies that form behind the paddle blade, my answer to
>your question is that the eddies are indeed formed by the pressure
>differential created by the movement of the paddle blade.  Do I win a
>prize?  (I want something useful--I already have more degrees than Dr.
>Iverbon.)
>


Anyway you are now an honorary member of the Pagwa Sculling and Punting
Club. Not many would say that is useful but it is different.

Cheers,
John Winters
Redwing Designs
Specialists in Human Powered Watercraft
http://home.ican.net/~735769/







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From: John Winters <735769_at_ican.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Different paddles, different strokes Re: confused Aussie :-)
Date: Sat, 25 Jul 1998 09:05:57 -0400
Steve wrote;

->
(SNIP)

>Another thought experiment: kneel on a skateboard next to a parking
>meter. Rotate forward as you would for a forward stroke. Grasp the post
>of the PM and return to a neutral position. Did perceive your board
>move? Did you perceive the parking meter move? I believe Nick would
>observe that the earth moved a little bit (Did it move for you?...well,
>never mind), but I think this amount of movement can safely be ignored.

Sorry this is not valid. Pushing against a solid while you roll across a
solid is not the same as pushing against a fluid while you float through a
fluid. The proper experiment (if one insists on using skateboards and
parking meters) is to launch your skateboard and paddle with a parking
meter.


Cheers,
John Winters
Redwing Designs
Specialists in Human Powered Watercraft
http://home.ican.net/~735769/




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