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From: Wes Boyd <boydwe_at_dmci.net>
subject: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 14:13:10
We had a discussion on Paddlewise here a while back about loading a boat
slightly heavier in one end or the other to help control in fore or aft
seas, but I wasn't paying a lot of attention and can't find it, now.

Just thinking about it, I would think that you would want to be loaded
slightly heavier than normal toward the forward end if you anticipate
heading into wind or waves, and slightly heavier aft if you anticipate
following winds or seas.

Did I get that right, or have I got it backwards?

-- Wes

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From: <rdiaz_at_ix.netcom.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 08:46:36 -0700
Wes Boyd wrote:
> 
> We had a discussion on Paddlewise here a while back about loading a boat
> slightly heavier in one end or the other to help control in fore or aft
> seas, but I wasn't paying a lot of attention and can't find it, now.
> 
> Just thinking about it, I would think that you would want to be loaded
> slightly heavier than normal toward the forward end if you anticipate
> heading into wind or waves, and slightly heavier aft if you anticipate
> following winds or seas.
> 
> Did I get that right, or have I got it backwards?

That is basically right from my understanding and own experience
although a good argument could be made for keeping the front and rear
load in balance.  One never knows when conditions can change; for
example wind direction; this could mean that within an hour you might
see a shift from a following wind/sea to a head-on wind/sea.  The
sliding seat on some kayaks could help quickly re-set trim a bit.

Generally, I like to load as much as I can in the middle of the boat,
which is a neutral trim place.  That is more possible in wider
hardshells and folding kayaks than in narrow ones. And, within the
folding kayak family, some brands and models are better suited than
others.  For example, a single Klepper has plenty of room around you to
place items.  You have room along both hips for special cockpit bags
(sold by Long Haul Products) that can hold things you need while
underway; and alongside your legs you can put even larger bags holding
heavy gear.  The folding kayak's frame provides plenty of places to
tie-in these and other bags.  You would not have quite as much room in a
K-Light but you still could squeeze in some things around you and tie
them off to the gunwale and chine bars.

Also for neutral trim, consider putting some of your water in the
cockpit with you.  There is plenty of room for gallons and gallons of
the stuff right under your knees, assuming you are paddling with your
knees bent and well braced in your boat.  It would be best however to be
able to tie those water bags down so they don't shift.  Again, a folding
kayak gives you some frame bars to which to attach webbing to hold such
cargo in place.  Or if in a fiberglass hardshell you could glass in
D-rings there and in other spots inside the cockpit area.

ralph diaz
-- 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ralph Diaz . . . Folding Kayaker newsletter
PO Box 0754, New York, NY 10024
Tel: 212-724-5069; E-mail: rdiaz_at_ix.netcom.com
"Where's your sea kayak?"----"It's in the bag."
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From: Steve Jernigan <jernigan_at_chester.uccs.edu>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 08:19:07 -0600
At 08:46 AM 09/02/1999 -0700, rdiaz_at_ix.netcom.com wrote:
>Also for neutral trim, consider putting some of your water in the
>cockpit with you.
  
Hi All!
This probably won't be too applicable for you SK folks, but in my solo
canoe I employ a couple of tricks to adjust the trim while underway. First,
I try to load the boat as level as possible at the put-in. I generally use
one or more plastic gallon jugs full of water to accomplish this. I arrange
things so that I can reach forward with my paddle and slide the jug(s) in
the bow back and forth as necessary to adjust the trim. This, coupled with
the sliding seat gives me a great deal of adjustability. If I am fishing, I
place a 5gal plastic bucket about 1/2 full just forward of the forward
thwart. Sliding this fore and aft adjusts the trim, plus it gives me a
place to toss any fishies unfortunate enough to get themselves invited to
dinner ;->
In nearly all situations, I prefer level trim, but for long hauls into a
strong quartering wind (that the correct term? wind coming from 10:00 or
2:00), I have found it advantageous to be trimmed slightly bow heavy.
ByeBye! S.
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From: Dave Williams <paddler_at_loxinfo.co.th>
subject: RE: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 12:28:35 +0700
I would like to comment that in addition to setting the fore and aft trim,
you should pay particular attention to where the weight is in relation to
the middle of the boat (cockpit area).  Weight that is far away from the
cockpit area makes controlling the boat more difficult.

This is what is called "swing weight".  To understand this, grab a broom by
the brush end and swing it around.  Now, grab the broom by the handle end
and swing it around.  It's much easier to swing it when the weight (the
broom end) is closer to you body.  This same principle holds true for
kayaking.  If you have heavy weights in the bow and stern, you'll have to
exert more energy to turn the boat than if the weight was closer to the
cockpit.

Always try to pack your kayak with the heavies items close to the cockpit
and down low (nearer the hull than the deck).

Cheers,
Dave

Dave Williams
paddler_at_loxinfo.co.th
http://paddleasia.com
Phuket, Thailand


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From: Matt Broze <mkayaks_at_oz.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Thu, 2 Sep 1999 20:20:27 -0700
-----Original Message-----
From: Wes Boyd <boydwe_at_dmci.net>

>We had a discussion on Paddlewise here a while back about loading a boat
>slightly heavier in one end or the other to help control in fore or aft
>seas, but I wasn't paying a lot of attention and can't find it, now.
>
>Just thinking about it, I would think that you would want to be loaded
>slightly heavier than normal toward the forward end if you anticipate
>heading into wind or waves, and slightly heavier aft if you anticipate
>following winds or seas.
>
>Did I get that right, or have I got it backwards?
>
>-- Wes

If you are in an empty kayak and are only going to add 20 pounds or so then
what you said "slightly heavier than normal toward the forward end if you
anticipate heading into wind or waves, and slightly heavier aft if you
anticipate following winds or seas" will improve handling. If you know you
will not be turning around then drop the word slightly and load the full 20
pounds in the bow or stern.
If there is a good chance of extreme winds (that you may have to turn into)
put all the weight in the front. This will hurt sidewind and following sea
performance but they are still manageable however you will substantially
increase the wind speed you are capable of turning into. This is not the
best policy if carrying a substantial gear load because in that case turning
up into extreme winds then will be far less of a problem (due to the
substantial weight that will already be in the bow).

What follows is lifted from my (Mariner Kayaks) websites "Paddling Guide"
verbatim:

When carrying a lot of gear it is usually best to balance it so the load
behind the cockpit weighs nearly 2 times as much as the bow load. The room
taken up for legs and feet make the bow load about 1-1/2 to 2 times farther
from the center of buoyancy than the rear load. Therefore, putting equal
weight in each end would sink the bow much more than the stern. The heavier
the gear load the greater the percentage of that weight that should be in
the stern. A kayak will track straighter and broach less in following seas
if stern heavy because the stern keel is deeper in the water than the bow.
Weathercocking in side winds is intensified when a kayak is more heavily
loaded. Placing the heaviest weight in the rear helps decrease
weathercocking. Even with the bow trimmed higher, turning a loaded kayak
into a strong wind is not nearly as difficult as turning an empty one can
be. The added gear weight prevents the ends from blowing around so easily.
It is not necessary to carry a balance scale along with you to pack your
boat. Approximations are fine, I just put all the heaviest bags, water, and
fuel in the back and the lightest bags forward.
    When loading a kayak, also make an effort to keep the heaviest items,
such as water, closer to the cockpit (but behind you) in order to retain as
much responsiveness to the paddle as possible. Separate your gear into bags
containing compact heavy items and bulkier lightweight stuff. Put the
densest items (like water) just behind the cockpit and the less dense bags
out towards the ends and in the bow. With a small gear load always fill up
any space you are not using for storage with partially inflated float bags
to maximize flotation.
    Just before entering any loaded kayak, check to see that it floats on an
even keel (side to side) or you will probably discover that it has a
penchant for turning towards the high side. Turn over a gear bag or move
some heavy items, like water, more to the high side.

There is a more detailed explanation of the benefits of fore and aft trim in
our "owners manual". In the section on the "instantly adjustable sliding
seat".
Matt Broze
http://www.marinerkayaks.com


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From: 735769 <735769_at_ican.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 07:46:28 -0400
>This is what is called "swing weight".  To understand this, grab a broom by
>the brush end and swing it around.  Now, grab the broom by the handle end
>and swing it around.  It's much easier to swing it when the weight (the
>broom end) is closer to you body.  This same principle holds true for
>kayaking.  If you have heavy weights in the bow and stern, you'll have to
>exert more energy to turn the boat than if the weight was closer to the
>cockpit.
>
>Always try to pack your kayak with the heavies items close to the cockpit
>and down low (nearer the hull than the deck).


Good advice from Dave. Keeping weight out of the ends generally seems a good
idea. Ralph mentioned the value of storing heavier stuff  amidships and
along the sides. The ability to do this in wider boats may slow the roll
period which might make paddling more comfortable. I have no direct
experience with this in a sea kayak and wonder if anyone who owns a wider
Klepper (etc.) has noticed this effect. In ships this they call this
"winging the load".

Another point worth adding to all the good information supplied so far has
to do with the relative efficacy of shifting weight in different boats.

For example, shifting weight may not prove necessary in boats with rudders
or drop down skegs that allow you to modify the relative turning moments
with the devices. On boats designed to paddle without rudders the shifting
of weight seems to have more importance. I have found it essential in solo
canoes much less so in kayaks fitted with rudders and drop down skegs. Some
of the old timers on this list may recall the rudder Vs no-rudder debate on
Wave-Length in pre-Paddlewise. If I recall correctly the down-under
contingent argued rather forcefully that the rudder accomplished this aspect
of control more easily since one could not shift weight in the boat easily
or as smoothly while underway but could steer easily all the time.

I mention this not to restart the old pro and anti-rudder debate but to
suggest how a variety of methods might accomplish a particular end.

Cheers,
John Winters
Redwing Designs
Web site address, http://home.ican.net/~735769








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From: Joan Spinner <JSpinner_at_agu.org>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 08:16:14 -0400
    Along these lines, I've been using a friend's boat, a Looksha IV. She is
maybe 130 pounds and I'm 180+ gear, she doesn't carry any gear in the boat
except the paddle float and pump. I've got about 10 pounds of stuff I carry. So
the way the boat acts with us is totally different. I find the boat tracks badly
for me. She was having a similar problem and she put 2.5 gal of water in the
stern hatch. She felt this helped a great deal. I tried the same thing and
though it tracks better it felt like a tub. It was like I could get out and push
the thing faster than I could paddle it. I had tried a bit of weight in the
front and it seemed a bit better without the side effect of working so hard to
move it. It really didn't solve the problem, though.
    It may be I'm just too big for the boat. I have a rudder I can use but if
there is any way to trim the boat so that I don't "need" the rudder under normal
circumstances I'd like to paddle it that way. Where we were last week could get
really shallow really fast so the rudder would have been a problem, anyway.
    The question is in general for tracking in light wind/calm sea conditions
how do you improve tracking with the distribution of weight? Maybe the answer is
the same as you have been giving here but I'm having a bit of trouble sifting it
out of what I'm reading.

Joan Spinner

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From: Dan Hagen <dan_at_hagen.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Sat, 04 Sep 1999 08:20:17 -0700
John Winters wrote:
> 
> ...<snip>...  Some of the old timers on this list may recall the 
> rudder Vs no-rudder debate on Wave-Length in pre-Paddlewise. If 
> I recall correctly the down-under contingent argued rather forcefully 
> that the rudder accomplished this aspect of control more easily since 
> one could not shift weight in the boat easily or as smoothly while 
> underway but could steer easily all the time.
> 
> I mention this not to restart the old pro and anti-rudder debate ...

Yeah, right! :-)

As you realize, there isn't a need to shift weight while underway if you
have loaded the kayak appropriately, possess adequate skills, and are
paddling a kayak that is sufficiently maneuverable (and yes that *is*
how it is spelled, unless you have a picture of British royalty on your
currency or live in the Southern Hemisphere, in which case you need to
add an "o"). The issue is one of "fine tuning" versus "coarse tuning".
Load the boat so that there is a *slight* tendency to weathercock. (Lee
helm can be dangerous with high winds, since it can make it very
difficult to turn the boat into the wind.) With the right boat it is
then easy to control the boat at all points to the wind through the
subtle application of paddle strokes, edging, and body rotation (the
appropriate combination of these being determined by the conditions).
The weight distribution achieves the "coarse" tuning, and the paddler
then applies the "fine" tuning. 

I have paddled for many years using this approach in a wide range of
conditions, including full gales on the open coast. For the past few
years I have paddled a skeg-free Caribou, which someone here said is
difficult to control in the wind (huh?), but which I find to be a joy to
paddle in the wind using the above approach. Which brings me to my
reason for paddling without a rudder or skeg--it's fun!! Using paddle
strokes and body english to control a boat is a blast! IMHO, many of the
arguments that have been advanced against the use of rudders are either
too utilitarian or are exaggerated. Rudders do not preclude solid foot
pegs, they do not interfere significantly with towing, they do not make
it all that difficult to back up (flip it up!), they do not prevent seal
launchings or landings (see above), they add little drag (if they are
rigidly mounted, properly shaped, and used at small angles), and they
can be quite reliable (if properly maintained). They offer some added
risk in the surf zone, but only if you come out of your boat! In spite
of this, I really do not like to use a rudder (or skeg) because it is
*more fun* to paddle without one. Matt, why don't you add that to your
list? 

Some folks may prefer to paddle with a rudder because they experience
kayaking simply as means of touring rather than as a paddle sport, in
which case they want things to be as easy as possible. Others may want
the ease of a rudder when confronted with paddling very long distances
day after day (for example, when circumnavigating a continent), in which
case the rudder acts as a type of "cruise control". And there may be
other reasons why people prefer to use rudders. If you enjoy using
rudders, that's great! But why not give rudder-free paddling a try (if
you haven't done so already)--after you work at it a bit you may just
find that you have been missing out on one of the joys of paddling. 

Happy paddling! 
(Or is that "happy ruddering"!)

Dan Hagen
Bellingham, Washington

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From: Joseph Sanford <jcasanford_at_earthlink.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 09:55:11 -0400
Does it matter in the handling of the craft where you place the cargo so 
long as you do not disturb the center of mass?  So long as the load is
balanced the only effect of adding cargo no matter where you put it is to
make the vessel more difficult to accelerate.  Is this not so?  Joe s
--
---
Joseph Sanford <jcasanford_at_earthlink.net>

--
-
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From: <Bhansen97_at_aol.com>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 10:14:23 EDT
John Winters observes:
<< shifting weight may not prove necessary in boats with rudders
 or drop down skegs that allow you to modify the relative turning moments >>

My own much-less-informed experience is that while it may be less important, 
it still makes a big difference in comfort and ease of paddling, if I load my 
boat sensibly. It's possible to mis-load many boats so that, even with a skeg 
or rudder, staying on track can be difficult. In really hairy conditions, and 
especially with less experienced paddlers, turning can be impossible if the 
boat is loaded badly.

Bill Hansen
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From: 735769 <735769_at_ican.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 16:41:37 -0400
-----Original Message-----
From: Bhansen97_at_aol.com <Bhansen97_at_aol.com>
To: paddlewise_at_lists.intelenet.net <paddlewise_at_lists.intelenet.net>
Date: Friday, September 03, 1999 10:45 AM
Subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim


>John Winters observes:
><< shifting weight may not prove necessary in boats with rudders
> or drop down skegs that allow you to modify the relative turning moments
>>
>
>My own much-less-informed experience is that while it may be less
important,
>it still makes a big difference in comfort and ease of paddling, if I load
my
>boat sensibly. It's possible to mis-load many boats so that, even with a
skeg
>or rudder, staying on track can be difficult. In really hairy conditions,
and
>especially with less experienced paddlers, turning can be impossible if the
>boat is loaded badly.


I agree fully with what you say here. However, I am unclear how it applies
to my comments.  My comment referred to the practice of shifting weight to
correct helm not to how a rudder or skeg can offset poor loading.

Hope that clears things up a bit.

Cheers,
John Winters
Redwing Designs
Web site address, http://home.ican.net/~735769










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From: Matt Broze <mkayaks_at_oz.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Fri, 3 Sep 1999 18:03:50 -0700
>>commenting on an earlier post by John Winters Bill Hansen wrote:
<snip>
>> It's possible to mis-load many boats so that, even with a
>skeg
>>or rudder, staying on track can be difficult. In really hairy conditions,
>and
>>especially with less experienced paddlers, turning can be impossible if
the
>>boat is loaded badly.
>
>John Winters responded:
>I agree fully with what you say here. However, I am unclear how it applies
>to my comments.  My comment referred to the practice of shifting weight to
>correct helm not to how a rudder or skeg can offset poor loading.
>
>Hope that clears things up a bit.


Actually it has confused me since I apparently saw this like Bill did. I am
having trouble making a distinction between poor loading and poor weight
distribution (causing an incorrect helm that you suggested could be ignored
if you have a rudder or skeg with which to compensate). Could you clarify
please.



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From: Matt Broze <mkayaks_at_oz.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1999 15:03:38 -0700
-----Original Message-----
From: Dan Hagen <dan_at_hagen.net>


<LARGE SNIP>
> In spite
>of this, I really do not like to use a rudder (or skeg) because it is
>*more fun* to paddle without one. Matt, why don't you add that to your
>list?
<SNIP>>
>Dan Hagen
>Bellingham, Washington
>
What follows is some parts of a letter I wrote in response to a Sea Kayaker
reader (and rudder manufacturer) regarding my critisms of rudders in the Max
review. I think it addresses your question, "more fun" is really at the top
of my list.

Dear Don:
Chris gave me a copy of your letter and would like us (and apparently some
others since we are both manufacturers) to fight it out on the pages of Sea
Kayaker
I’ve suggested just such a debate for years and offered to debate my friend
John Dowd (the former editor) on the subject. I felt his strong pro rudder
and unfeathered paddle stance in his influential book “Sea Kayaking” have
made both more popular than they deserved to be. Many new kayakers coming
into our store (we sell only sea kayaks and accessories) see that most of
the kayaks don’t have rudders and ask if we carry any sea kayaks, apparently
assuming that the rudder is what makes the difference between a river and
sea kayak (like most of the articles they have read say).
Sea Kayaker’s testers were so overwhelmingly positive in their review of our
Mariner Max that I had nothing worth responding to.  Their unanimous opinion
that it didn’t need a rudder allowed me to use the designers response space
to point out some of the disadvantages of a rudder. Most new kayakers in
America are convinced that the rudder will make kayaking something that even
they can do. Sea Kayaker wouldn’t publish any anti-rudder material in the
past so I saw this as my chance to slip a very limited (300 word limit)
amount past the censors. I edited like crazy to try to fit what I wanted to
say into the space allotted in order to “plant the seed” in sea kayaker’s
minds that not only are there are boats that don’t need rudders, there is
also a price to pay for using them besides the initial cost.
I was overjoyed when Chris told me about your letter and was thinking about
doing a pro/con article. Upon reading your thoughtful letter I realized that
we probably don’t have much to debate. All I can argue is that a really good
kayak design has very little benefit from a rudder and that almost all the
rudder systems I’ve seen around here have numerous problems that far
outweigh the few benefits.  Unfortunately, for our having a debate limited
to the merits of rudders, with most sea kayaks the benefits of a rudder
outweigh the disadvantages. Your argument seems to be that a good rudder
would have few if any of the disadvantages that I mentioned. Show me that
rudder I might buy it!  I’m sure I could design a rudder that won’t foul
fishing lines (a concession you made). I’ve thought of several possibilities
already.
I’m not anti-rudder on general principles. We even designed the sterns of
our kayaks so a rudder is easy to mount if a customer wants to have one or
to add one later. Almost none do. I have put considerable thought into what
would be some very unique rudder designs but, I have little incentive to
follow through with these designs because 90% of the kayaks we sell do not
have rudders installed (that’s about 98% for Mariners). We carry several
models besides our own but have been careful to pick hulls that handle well
enough that a rudder is of little benefit.
If you make a rudder system that has solid support at the balls of your
feet, is mounted forward of the stern (or won’t come out of the water in
steep waves for some other reason--I don’t want to limit its location, just
keep it functioning continually), is at least as damage resistant as the
rest of a solidly built expedition kayak, keeps extra drag to a minimum,
requires little or no maintenance, doesn’t hurt the maneuverability of the
kayak or its ability to travel through or back up through sea weeds and
kelp, is reasonably easy to mount, adapts to a wide variety of hulls, and is
reasonably priced, I’d like to market it for you in North America.  Even if
it only does the majority of the above I’d be interested.  What with my
supposed anti-rudder bias I’m in a great position to say “I’ve finally found
the rudder I can promote”.

You asked the key question: Why would you want to paddle a sea kayak without
a rudder? Well, to me its a lot more satisfying that way. I also prefer
swimming without socks, and kayaking without a reserve motor.
Why don’t you put a rudder on your river kayak? Surely you use your wave-ski
in worse conditions than wind and chop, why don’t you put a rudder on it?
Why not install one on your windsurfer? Probably because you do fine without
it and don’t need any more complications. I will dispute your statement that
it is easier to paddle with a rudder in wind and chop (at least as long as I
get to pick the kayak). My experience (and I have gone out in storms that
get names attached to them to play in the waves and practice) is that the
stronger the wind blows the more trouble a rudder caused me and the less
benefits it provided in compensation. This was true even in a kayak that was
benefited by a rudder in 5 to 20 knot winds and smaller following seas.
I figure you could add little rudders on the back of snow skis and run the
cables from your bindings to D-rings by your knees. I’ll bet beginners would
find it easier to turn their skis with this invention. I’ll also bet that
they would not find it as satisfying (or have as much control) as using body
English, edging and unweighting to control the skis and in the long run they
will have a lot of bad habits to break when they want to break their rudder
habit. I think training wheels on bicycles are a good analogy, they just get
in the way of learning. I prefer to keep it simple. One ride in a sea kayak
with a rudder is usually enough to convince most expert whitewater paddlers
to look for a responsive sea kayak that doesn’t need one. I find most
rudders to be overcontrol devices that operate on a delayed feedback loop.
They disconnect you from the direct “seat of your pants” control of the
kayak. Because of the feedback delay they must be constantly adjusted to
hold a (slightly zigzag) course. This is more noticeable the stickier the
mechanism, the more slack in the system, the less resistance in the system
and more maneuverable the underlying kayak is. Smooth even resistance in the
system and a kayak that tracks well but not too stiff works best (but then
that’s true without a rudder too). I find rudders destroy the fine control I
have with just the paddle and tilting the kayak. For example: I sometimes
run my sea kayak through some slalom gates set up nearby, without the rudder
I can thread them with less than an inch on each side. With a rudder down I
need a whole lot more room between them to avoid hitting a pole. That’s one
reason you don’t have one on your slalom kayak, back surfing is another.

I’m not of the opinion that the Eskimos way or any old way is the best just
that I have a lot more fun controlling my kayak without a rudder and feel
sorry for those paddlers dependent on them. I’m not preventing anyone from
using a crutch to walk or a rudder to control their kayak if that’s what
they really want. I just think new paddlers are being sold a bill of goods
“Look its so easy all you have to do is push the foot forward on the side
you want to turn towards anybody can do it even a klutz like you.”  Heavens,
we will even put it on for them and make more profit if that’s what they
want. Actually I usually have someone else install it and don’t make the
profit because I’d rather not be blamed for the problems the customer may
later have with it. We stand behind our kayaks 100% so it pains me to
knowingly provide a customer with potential problems.
We only want kayakers and potential kayakers to know that it is possible to
do without a rudder and want to provide kayaks with very little use for a
rudder to those who would like to try it that way. The option is always open
to get a rudder and we will do it for about the same price later as it costs
extra to have it as original equipment. Very few customers ever have a
rudder installed later and many of them thank me later for showing them
another more satisfying way.

Matt Broze
http://www.marinerkayaks.com


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From: Dan Hagen <dan_at_hagen.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Sat, 04 Sep 1999 17:10:00 -0700
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dan Hagen <dan_at_hagen.net>
> 
> <LARGE SNIP>
> > In spite
> >of this, I really do not like to use a rudder (or skeg) because it is
> >*more fun* to paddle without one. Matt, why don't you add that to your

Matt Broze wrote:

> What follows is some parts of a letter I wrote in response to a Sea Kayaker
> reader (and rudder manufacturer) regarding my critisms of rudders in the Max
> review. I think it addresses your question, "more fun" is really at the top
> of my list.
>
> ...<snip of long letter>...

Excellent letter! Given this turn of events, I retract my comments
implying that "fun" is not on your anti-rudder list. 

I like your idea of a debate in Sea Kayaker (beyond the "Letters"
section), with participation from someone such as Alex Ferguson, as well
as John Dowd. While few minds would be changed, it would be highly
entertaining. And it might help to open the minds of those just starting
out, many of whom are only exposed to pro-rudder perspectives. In
addition to discussing technical issues and issues of safety, it might
be fun if each participant were to submit an introspective essay on the
joy of paddling, in which they discuss how the use of a rudder either
adds to or detracts from their enjoyment. :-) 

I am curious as to whether someone's background affects their choice.
Based on casual observation, it seems to me that people who started out
paddling solo canoes (particularly whitewater canoes) are the least
likely to use rudders, followed by those who started out in whitewater
kayaks.

Dan Hagen
one blade or two (never three)
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From: 735769 <735769_at_ican.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1999 18:39:45 -0400
Dan wrote;



>John Winters wrote:
>>
>> ...<snip>...  Some of the old timers on this list may recall the
>> rudder Vs no-rudder debate on Wave-Length in pre-Paddlewise. If
>> I recall correctly the down-under contingent argued rather forcefully
>> that the rudder accomplished this aspect of control more easily since
>> one could not shift weight in the boat easily or as smoothly while
>> underway but could steer easily all the time.
>>
>> I mention this not to restart the old pro and anti-rudder debate ...
>
>Yeah, right! :-)
>

Seriously, I did not want to start the rudder debate and I apologize
profusely if I did. Just to prove it I refuse to participate.



Cheers,
John Winters
Redwing Designs
Web site address, http://home.ican.net/~735769



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From: BaysideBob <vaughan_at_jps.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1999 17:25:40 -0700
Like it or not, the debate has begun.

I don't make boats, I just paddle them.

My present boats don't have rudders, prior
ones did.

>From a consumer point of view:

Bad about rudders:
    They cost money
    They can brake
    They work by creating drag
    They get in the way of everything
        They flop around on the car-top and hit you in
        the head when you load and unload your boat.
        I paddle alone.  When I end up outside the boat
        I like to shinny up the stern and plop back into
        the seat.  That whole rudder, cable mess gets
        into the way (and hurts).
        Screw paddle floats, you can freeze
        trying to mount, inflate and work them
        while you try to hang onto your boat, paddle
        glasses or whatever  you forgot to tie down.

Good about rudders:
        Going a long way in one direction
        with any sort of cross wind my arm
        gets real tired from paddling mostly
        on one side.  I'm no athlete but I do
        get on the water 3-4 days a week
        and I still dread long straight shots
        with a cross wind.  All boats are bad
        in cross-winds, some just less bad
        than others.

How about:
    Airplanes have trim tabs.  That's
    all a rudder really does for a sea kayak.
   Couldn't someone make something
    minimal just to trim the boat to port or
    starbord for wind?  A little simple
    something(s) without all the
    cables, peddles, flopping mess of
    rudders?
----- Original Message -----
From: 735769 <735769_at_ican.net>
To: <PaddleWise_at_lists.intelenet.net>
Sent: Saturday, September 04, 1999 3:39 PM
Subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim


> Dan wrote;
>
>
>
> >John Winters wrote:
> >>
> >> ...<snip>...  Some of the old timers on this list may recall the
> >> rudder Vs no-rudder debate on Wave-Length in pre-Paddlewise. If
> >> I recall correctly the down-under contingent argued rather forcefully
> >> that the rudder accomplished this aspect of control more easily since
> >> one could not shift weight in the boat easily or as smoothly while
> >> underway but could steer easily all the time.
> >>
> >> I mention this not to restart the old pro and anti-rudder debate ...
> >
> >Yeah, right! :-)
> >
>
> Seriously, I did not want to start the rudder debate and I apologize
> profusely if I did. Just to prove it I refuse to participate.
>
>
>
> Cheers,
> John Winters
> Redwing Designs
> Web site address, http://home.ican.net/~735769
>
>
>
>
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From: <dldecker_at_se.mediaone.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] RUDDERS
Date: Sat, 04 Sep 1999 21:10:40 -0400
At 05:25 PM 9/4/99 -0700, BaysideBob wrote:
>Like it or not, the debate has begun.
>
>I don't make boats, I just paddle them.
>
>My present boats don't have rudders, prior
>ones did.
>
>From a consumer point of view:
>
>Bad about rudders:
>

You forgot them main item , THEY ARE UGLY, yes I am shouting 
,trying to get heard over all the sniveling!!!!!

Dana
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From: Dave Williams <paddler_at_loxinfo.co.th>
subject: RE: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Sun, 5 Sep 1999 14:01:05 +0700
>From a consumer point of view:
>Good about rudders:
        Going a long way in one direction
        with any sort of cross wind my arm
        gets real tired from paddling mostly
        on one side.  I'm no athlete but I do
        get on the water 3-4 days a week
        and I still dread long straight shots
        with a cross wind.  All boats are bad
        in cross-winds, some just less bad
        than others.

>From the commercial tour perspective, rudders could be useful for
first-timers.  They make the "tour" more enjoyable.  I certainly appreciate
Matt and others views.  It does take something away from the paddling
experience.  However, since not everyone has a true-tracking Mariner kayak
(unfortunately),  rudders provide a means to keep a boat going where the
paddler wants it to with less effort.  A bit of drag isn't a issue for
someone who is just starting paddling.  It is hard to justify the difference
in the amount of energy used to correct a boats tracking compared to the
minimal drag that a rudder imparts... not to mention the frustration factor.
I have no problem with calling them "training wheels" though "cruise
control" seems more appropriate.

Once a person is "hooked" on paddling, he or she can then decide whether to
go sans rudder or not.  It's a personal choice and rudders, like it or not,
do have a place in the paddling community.

I certainly don't agree with shops that give the misperception that a sea
kayak must have a rudder or that if it doesn't have one it's not a sea
kayak.  That's just plain silly to put it nicely.

BTW, personally, I can take 'em or leave 'em.  I switch back and forth
between using a rudder and not using a rudder.  I'll drop it down when I'm
feeling lazy or in conditions that push my boat around more than I like.

Cheers,
Dave the Impartial

Dave Williams
dave_at_paddleasia.com
http://paddleasia.com
Phuket, Thailand

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From: Mel Lammers <mslammers_at_earthlink.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1999 20:49:54 -0400
Snide remark flag on:

They do and call them skegs.

Snide remark flag off.
=^..^=
--Mel--
Mel Lammers
mslammers_at_earthlink.net
----- Original Message -----
From: BaysideBob <vaughan_at_jps.net>
To: 735769 <735769_at_ican.net>; <PaddleWise_at_lists.intelenet.net>
Sent: Saturday, September 04, 1999 8:25 PM
Subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim


> Like it or not, the debate has begun.
>
> I don't make boats, I just paddle them.
>
> My present boats don't have rudders, prior
> ones did.
>
> >From a consumer point of view:
>
> Bad about rudders:
>     They cost money
>     They can brake
>     They work by creating drag
>     They get in the way of everything
>         They flop around on the car-top and hit you in
>         the head when you load and unload your boat.
>         I paddle alone.  When I end up outside the boat
>         I like to shinny up the stern and plop back into
>         the seat.  That whole rudder, cable mess gets
>         into the way (and hurts).
>         Screw paddle floats, you can freeze
>         trying to mount, inflate and work them
>         while you try to hang onto your boat, paddle
>         glasses or whatever  you forgot to tie down.
>
> Good about rudders:
>         Going a long way in one direction
>         with any sort of cross wind my arm
>         gets real tired from paddling mostly
>         on one side.  I'm no athlete but I do
>         get on the water 3-4 days a week
>         and I still dread long straight shots
>         with a cross wind.  All boats are bad
>         in cross-winds, some just less bad
>         than others.
>
> How about:
>     Airplanes have trim tabs.  That's
>     all a rudder really does for a sea kayak.
>    Couldn't someone make something
>     minimal just to trim the boat to port or
>     starbord for wind?  A little simple
>     something(s) without all the
>     cables, peddles, flopping mess of
>     rudders?
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: 735769 <735769_at_ican.net>
> To: <PaddleWise_at_lists.intelenet.net>
> Sent: Saturday, September 04, 1999 3:39 PM
> Subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
>
>
> > Dan wrote;
> >
> >
> >
> > >John Winters wrote:
> > >>
> > >> ...<snip>...  Some of the old timers on this list may recall the
> > >> rudder Vs no-rudder debate on Wave-Length in pre-Paddlewise. If
> > >> I recall correctly the down-under contingent argued rather forcefully
> > >> that the rudder accomplished this aspect of control more easily since
> > >> one could not shift weight in the boat easily or as smoothly while
> > >> underway but could steer easily all the time.
> > >>
> > >> I mention this not to restart the old pro and anti-rudder debate ...
> > >
> > >Yeah, right! :-)
> > >
> >
> > Seriously, I did not want to start the rudder debate and I apologize
> > profusely if I did. Just to prove it I refuse to participate.
> >
> >
> >
> > Cheers,
> > John Winters
> > Redwing Designs
> > Web site address, http://home.ican.net/~735769
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
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>
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> >
>
>
>
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From: Matt Broze <mkayaks_at_oz.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1999 18:25:32 -0700
John wrote in his first post:
"For example, shifting weight may not prove necessary in boats with rudders
or drop down skegs that allow you to modify the relative turning moments
with the devices."

 Since poor loading can induce weatherhelm and since you talked of
correcting weatherhelm by the use of a rudder or drop down skeg rather than
shifting weight (which implies that there was some weight--or load--in the
kayak that you could shift to lessen the weatherhelm) it would seem to
follow that you were also implying a rudder might be able to compensate for
poor loading that may have caused the weatherhelm in the kayak in the first
place.
Since I am most familiar with kayaks that don't weathercock unless you load
them poorly I may have not been considering the fact that most kayaks
weathercock without weight in them and so was only considering shifting the
weight that was causing the problem rather than realizing the problem you
were talking about correcting was with the boat itself, not necessarily how
it was loaded. Still you can't shift weight unless there is some weight to
shift and since we are the only company I know of that allows the paddler to
shift their weight to any significant degree I didn't think that the
paddler's weight was the weight you would be shifting.
Sorry for the misunderstanding, did I get it right this time? If not please
explain in more detail.
Matt Broze
http://www.marinerkayaks.com

-----Original Message-----
From: 735769 <735769_at_ican.net>
To: Matt Broze <mkayaks_at_oz.net>
Date: Saturday, September 04, 1999 3:35 PM
Subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim


>
>
>>>John Winters responded:
>>>I agree fully with what you say here. However, I am unclear how it
applies
>>>to my comments.  My comment referred to the practice of shifting weight
to
>>>correct helm not to how a rudder or skeg can offset poor loading.
>>>
>>>Hope that clears things up a bit.
>>
>>
>>Actually it has confused me since I apparently saw this like Bill did. I
am
>>having trouble making a distinction between poor loading and poor weight
>>distribution (causing an incorrect helm that you suggested could be
ignored
>>if you have a rudder or skeg with which to compensate). Could you clarify
>>please.
>>
>
>
>Would you show me where, in my original post in paragraph two and three
>that
>I referred to poor loading or poor weight distribution.
>
>Would you show me where in my original post in paragraph two and three that
>I
>said that a rudder or skeg could be used to offset improper loading or
>weight distribution.
>
>Once I know where and how you got that impression it will help in clearing
>up the misunderstanding.
>
>Cheers,
>John Winters
>Redwing Designs
>Web site address, http://home.ican.net/~735769
>
>
>
>

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From: Matt Broze <mkayaks_at_oz.net>
subject: Re: [Paddlewise] Fore and aft trim
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1999 19:11:15 -0700
-----Original Message-----
From: BaysideBob <vaughan_at_jps.net>

<SNIP>
>Good about rudders:
>        Going a long way in one direction
>        with any sort of cross wind my arm
>        gets real tired from paddling mostly
>        on one side.  I'm no athlete but I do
>        get on the water 3-4 days a week
>        and I still dread long straight shots
>        with a cross wind.  All boats are bad
>        in cross-winds, some just less bad
>        than others.


I don't think you have paddled any Mariner Kayaks to have used the word
"All" in the above. Also I suggest you read the "Course Keeping" section of
Mariner Kayaks' "Paddling" manual on our website
http://www.marinerkayaks.com.
There are tips there on how to combat weathercocking that you may find of
value. I suspect Dan Hagen uses many of them to make a kayak that others
have labelled "uncontrollable" in strong winds into one he doesn't need to
use a rudder or even a drop skeg to control.


>How about:
>    Airplanes have trim tabs.  That's
>    all a rudder really does for a sea kayak.
>   Couldn't someone make something
>    minimal just to trim the boat to port or
>    starbord for wind?  A little simple
>    something(s) without all the
>    cables, peddles, flopping mess of
>    rudders?

Easy Rider tried this about 15 or 16 years ago, I believe they called it
their True-Track system. A shock cord pulled the pivoting fin one way and a
single line and a jam cleat held it in place against the shockcord's pull.
It still had a big floppy (in the way) fin on the back of the boat, but I
thought it was a step in the right direction. Their system didn't work very
well (partly because of the flexibility of the shock cord--better for winds
from one side than the other) and was not well received by paddlers. Easy
Rider then went the next step and turned that same fin (that had originally
just been a overstern drop skeg) into a full fledged foot controlled rudder
very similar to what they use today. Personally, I would have worked to
improve on the True-track system rather than turn it into a rudder as I
thought an adjustable trim tab was the better concept (no floppy foot pedals
among other things).
Matt Broze
http://www.marinerkayaks.com



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